نتایج جستجو برای: centralized structure
تعداد نتایج: 1584599 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
The term ‘corporatism’ simultaneously designates a particular interest group structure, characterized by monopolistic, centralized and internally nondemocratic associations, and a particular policy-making process, also known as ‘concertation’ or ‘social partnership’. This paper argues that structure and process may no longer be closely associated. By focusing on the Irish and Italian cases, it ...
Background and Aim: Organizational centralization, an important concept/system in management, relates to hierarchy of authority and degree of participation in decision-making. In this study we aimed to determine the extent of organizational centralization in hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran and identify factors affecting the organizational cen...
Enterprises with transparent boundaries, decentralized organizational structure, and constantly increasing requirements on IT flexibility, is a novel generation of organizations of 2020s. This paper elaborates on how the Enterprise Architecture (EA) can better support such organizations. We analyze three types of organizational structure: centralized, federated and decentralized. First, we iden...
The study of optimal properties centralized dynamic-time-division-duplex (D-TDD) employed at a wireless network consisting multiple nodes is highly challenging and partially understood problem in the literature. In this paper, we develop an D-TDD scheme for comprised K full-duplex impaired by self-interference additive white Gaussian noise. As special case, also propose when part or all are hal...
Increased penetration of wind energy will make electricity market prices more volatile. As a result, participants bear increased financial risks, which impact investment decisions and in turn, makes it harder to achieve sustainable goals. remedy, this paper, we propose an insurance that complements any wholesale design. Our mechanism can be run by suitable entity such as independent system oper...
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