Surface charge of mixtures of lepidocrocite and i\lite determined by adsorption of potentia l-determining and electrolyte ions is studied as a functi on of pH and NaCI concentration. Deviations between results oblained by both methods were a fu nction of the ill ile content of the mixtures, and can be mainly attributed lO coatings of hydroxyalum inium compl exes on the constant charge surfaces ...

By using the two 4-dimensional potential formulation of electromagnetic (EM) field theory introduced in [1], we found that the SO(2) duality symmetric EM field theory can be reduced to the magnetic source free case by a special choice of SO(2) parameter,this special case we called nature picture of the EM field theory, the reduction condition led to a result, i.e. the electric charge and magnet...

To gain insight into the mechanism of charge ordering transitions, which conventionally are pictured as a disproportionation of an ion M as 2M(n+)→M((n+1)+) + M((n-1)+), we (1) review and reconsider the charge state (or oxidation number) picture itself, (2) introduce new results for the putative charge ordering compound AgNiO2 and the dual charge state insulator AgO, and (3) analyze the cationi...

By using the two 4-dimensional potential formulation of electromagnetic (EM) field theory introduced in [1], we found that the SO(2) duality symmetric EM field theory can be reduced to the magnetic source free case by a special choice of SO(2) parameter,this special case we called nature picture of the EM field theory, the reduction condition led to a result, i.e. the electric charge and magnet...

In biomolecule mass spectrometry, peptides are usually ionized by an acidic solvent or matrix. It is generally accepted that the mobilization of attached protons weakens backbone bonds and facilitates peptide fragmentation. While this is often advantageous, it can lead to a multiplicity of fragment ions (both N-terminal an, bn and C-terminal yn ions). Formation of too many types of fragment ion...

It is found that the invariance with respect to charge conjugation and charge symmetry combined leads to selection rules, additional to those following from covariance and gauge invariance arguments. Besides rigorous selection rules which hold for certain processes involving neutral particles (mesons and photons} only, there exist weak selection rules according to which certain boson-boson tran...

We study the relative index of two orthogonal infinite dimensional projections which, in the finite dimensional case, is the difference in their dimensions. We relate the relative index to the Fredholm index of appropriate operators, discuss its basic properties, and obtain various formulas for it. We apply the relative index to counting the change in the number of electrons below the Fermi ene...

A novel implementation of a charge based quantum computer is proposed. There is no charge transfer during calculation, therefore, uncontrollable entan-glement between qubits due to long-range Coulomb forces is suppressed. High-speed computation with 1ps per an operation looks as feasible. Almost all recent experimental realizations of quantum computation accomplished on several qubits and even ...

Small GTPases of the Rho family (Rho, Rac, and Cdc42) are key regulatory molecules in phagocyte function. Members of the group are involved at multiple and varied steps in the migratory, secretory, and killing processes elicited in polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes upon encountering pathogenic microorganisms in the course of the innate and acquired immune response [1]. Rho GTPases ar...

We present a short review of various experiments that measure charge transfer and charge transport in DNA. Some general comments are made on the possible connection between various ‘chemistry-style’ charge transfer experiments that probe fluorescence quenching and remote oxidative damage and ‘phys-style’ measurements that measure transport properties as defined typically in the solid-state. We ...