Selective oxidation of aliphatic C-H bonds in alkylphenols serves significant roles not only in generation of functionalized intermediates that can be used to synthesize diverse downstream chemical products, but also in biological degradation of these environmentally hazardous compounds. Chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivity; controllability; and environmental impact represent the major challen...

A series of molecular gallium compounds were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Specifically, the Ga 2p3/2 and Ga 3d5/2 photoelectron binding energies and the Ga L3M45M45 Auger electron kinetic energies of compounds with gallium in a range of assigned oxidation numbers and with different stabilizing ligands were measured. Auger parameters were calculated and used to generate...

Variable scan rate (0.1-500 V s(-1)) cyclic voltammetry experiments were performed on a series of model tocopherol (vitamin E) compounds with differing degrees of methyl substitution around the aromatic (phenolic) ring. alpha-Tocopherol, with a fully methylated aromatic ring, produced stable phenoxonium cations upon oxidation in CH3CN, and was modeled via an ECE mechanism (where "E" represents ...

Noble metals are important photocatalysts due to their ability to convert light into chemical energy. Hot electrons, generated via the non-radiative decay of localized surface plasmons, can be transferred to reactants on the metal surface. Unfortunately, the number of hot electrons per molecule is limited due to charge-carrier recombination. In addition to the reduction half-reaction with hot e...

The ability to observe chemical reactions at the molecular level convincingly demonstrates the physical and chemical phenomena occurring throughout a reaction mechanism. Videos obtained through in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the oxidation of catalytic soot under practical reaction conditions. Carbon oxidation reactions using Ag/SiO2 or Cs2CO3/nepheline catalysts were pe...

The products of the primary OH-initiated oxidation of toluene were investigated using the turbulent flow chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique under different oxygen, NO, and initial OH radical concentrations as well as a range of total pressures. The bicyclic peroxy radical intermediate, a key proposed intermediate species in the Master Chemical Mechanism (MCM) for the atmospheric ox...

Chemical or electrochemical one-electron oxidation of 5-N-arylaminothiazoles was found to afford stable radical cations. For chemical oxidation, 1 equivalent of [(4-BrC6H4)3N][SbCl6] (Magic Blue, MB) was added to CH2Cl2 solutions of the thiazoles, and the thus-obtained radicals showed light absorption in the near-infrared region. Electrochemical oxidation also led to bathochromic shifts in the ...

A simple method is developed to synthesize gram quantities of uniform Ge nanowires (GeNWs) by chemical vapor deposition on preformed, monodispersed seed particles loaded onto a high surface area silica support. Various chemical functionalization schemes are investigated to passivate the GeNW surfaces using alkanethiols and alkyl Grignard reactions. The stability of functionalization against oxi...

This review covers methods for modifying the structures of polysaccharides. The introduction of hydrophobic, acidic, basic, or other functionality into polysaccharide structures can alter the properties of materials based on these substances. The development of chemical methods to achieve this aim is an ongoing area of research that is expected to become more important as the emphasis on using ...