Omalizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that reduces levels of circulating immunoglobulin E (IgE) and expression of IgE high-affinity receptors on mast cells and basophils, interrupting the subsequent allergic inflammatory cascade. Current indications for treatment with omalizumab in pediatric patients are clearly defined and are confined to moderate-to-severe uncontrolled all...

Background. Treatment with omalizumab, a humanized recombinant monoclonal anti-IgE antibody, results in clinical efficacy in patients with Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU). The mechanism of action of omalizumab in CSU has not been elucidated in detail. Objectives. To determine the effects of omalizumab on levels of high affinity IgE receptor-positive (FcεRI+) and IgE-positive (IgE+) dermal c...

Spontaneous urticaria (SU) is characterized by immune deregulation of mast cells and T helper (Th) cells. Th9 cells, a subset of Th cells, serve a key role in initiating mast cell accumulation and activation. To understand the role of Th9 cells in the pathogenesis of SU, the authors conducted a control study of 28 patients with acute SU (ASU) and chronic SU (CSU) and 28 healthy controls. The pe...

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria is thought to occur due the patient's predilection produce self-reactions. Urticaria contributes loss of sleep, anxiety, depression, lack motivation and social isolation, which may contribute a substantial decrease in quality life. unpredictable can impair usual everyday activities. Autoimmune thyroid disorders are as consequence immune system dysregula...

BACKGROUND Autoimmune mechanisms are considered to play a significant role in chronic urticaria pathophysiology. Additionally, clinical experience emphasises the coexistence of chronic urticaria manifestation with thyroid autoimmunity. As the role of CTLA-4 polymorphism in autoimmune thyroid diseases is well proven we speculated on the possible role of this polymorphism in the background of chr...

INTRODUCTION The term "urticaria" refers to any of a group of distinct skin conditions that are characterized by itchy, wheal-and-flare skin reactions (hives). In spontaneous urticaria, the most common type, the hives seem to arise without provocation. METHODS Selective review of the literature, including current guidelines. RESULTS Spontaneous urticaria is divided into acute (lasting less ...