isolated third nerve palsy develops in numerous intracranial pathologies such as closed head trauma, tumor, and aneurysm. this report describes a 61 years old female with an abrasion on the left forehead and ptosis of the left eye. initial computed tomography did not reveal any causative cerebral and vascular lesions or orbital and cranial fractures. high-resolution and multi-axial enhanced mag...

BACKGROUND Ankle fractures excluding pilon fractures, account for approximately 9% of all fractures with the majority being OTA type B injuries. Although surgeons generally treat undisplaced or minimally displaced injuries nonoperatively and displaced fractures operatively, opinions diverge regarding the management of those displaced fractures with acceptable closed reduction. There is also deb...

From a series of 190 consecutive fractures of the shaft of the femur treated by closed Küntscher nailing, 32 of the more severely comminuted have been studied to determine whether treatment by closed nailing was justified. Radiological criteria were used to divide them into 19 who were moderately comminuted and 13 grossly so. Twenty-four patients were less than 21 years of age and 19 patients h...

Closed reduction is the treatment of choice for most nasal bone fractures. In this technique, the nasal bone cannot be directly visualized, proper reduction is confirmed by palpation of the bony contour. This confirmation-via-palpation is in most cases too uncomfortable or painful for patients, and this is the reason why most closed reductions of nasal bone fractures are performed under general...

Box 88.1 lists the signs and symptoms of fractures and complications that indicate serious injury. In general, forearm fractures are classified by the bone (or bones) involved, anatomic location, trajectory of the fracture and alignment of the fracture fragments, and the presence of angulation, rotation, comminution, and concurrent dislocations. All fractures should be further described as open...

Introduction In the night between the 11th and the 12th of April 1997 a fire heavily damaged the “Sacra Sindone” Chapel of the Turin cathedral. One of the restoration steps following the accident consists of the substitution of the irreparably damaged marble blocks covering the inner surfaces of the Chapel dome. We show the results of a research aimed to localize joints in the blocks of “Bigio ...

Patients and Methods: From April 2009 to January 2014, we treated 91 patients with high-energy fractures of the tibial shaft at Orthopedic Department of AlRamadi Teaching Hospital. Twenty patients were suitable for our study that had closed segmental fractures of tibial shaft (42-C2 / AO classification), treated by minimal, internal and external, fixations with follow up range from 6 months to ...

PURPOSE To evaluate the treatment outcome of skin traction followed by spica casting for closed femoral shaft fractures in children. METHODS Between September 1997 and December 2001 inclusive, outcomes of 63 children aged one month to 15 (mean, 5.3) years with closed femoral shaft fractures managed with skin traction and spica casting were reviewed. Depending on age, patients were kept in tra...

In the treatment of mandibular condyle fracture, conservative treatment using closed reduction or surgical treatment using open reduction can be used. Management of mandibular condylar fractures remains a source of ongoing controversy in oral and maxillofacial trauma. For each type of condylar fracture,the treatment method must be chosen taking into consideration the presence of teeth, fracture...