Previous studies have documented discordant cellular and humoral immune responses to subjects exposed to HIV-1, and that the nature of such responses may determine susceptibility and resistance to disease. We determined whether there is a spectrum of cellular versus humoral immunodominant responses to cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. Blood samples from 50 healthy blood donors were tested for an...

Two case reports in this issue of the Journal describe remarkably similar clinical presentations. The patients (a 37 year old woman1 with systemic lupus erythematosus and a 49 year old man2 with glomerulonephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage) presented with lung involvement which improved after immunosuppressive therapy was instituted. The patients were maintaoned on lower doses of immunosuppress...

The absence of anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) immunoglobulin G (IgG) is used to classify pretransplant patients as naïve for CMV infection (CMVneg patients). This study assessed whether pretransplant CMV-specific T-cell immunity exists in CMVneg patients and whether it protects against CMV infection after kidney transplantation. The results show that CMV-specific CD137+IFNγ+CD4+ and CD137+IFNγ+CD8+...

objectives the aim of this study was to investigate the possible associations between co-stimulatory molecule gene polymorphisms and viral infections in kidney transplant patients. results cmv active infection was found in 31 of 172 (18.02%) kidney transplant patients. hcv infection was only found in two of the 172 (1.16%) studied patients. significant associations were found between tt and tc ...

A potential association between human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) following kidney transplantation was explored by retrospectively testing serial serum specimens for HHV-6 IgG and IgM antibody. HHV-6 reactivation occurred in 35 (66%) of 53 transplant recipients. Fungal or parasitic opportunistic infections, graft rejection or loss, and mortality were not associated with HHV-...

BACKGROUND Rates of laboratory testing and diagnostic practices for congenital CMV in the United States are unknown. We determined rates of CMV testing and diagnostic coding for CMV among insured infants in the United States using a national healthcare claims database. METHODS We analyzed medical claims from 2011 Truven Health MarketScan® Commercial databases for infants who were ≤30 days of ...

BACKGROUND Since African-Americans have twice the prevalence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections as age-matched Caucasians we sought to determine the ages and possible sources of infection of African-American children. METHODS Subjects were 157 African-American healthy children and adolescents and their 113 household adults in Richmond VA. Families completed a questionnaire, provided saliva f...

The success of prevention of mother to child transmission programs over the last two decades has led to an increasing number of infants who are exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but who are not themselves infected (HIV-exposed, uninfected infants). Although the morbidity and mortality among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants is considerably lower than that among HIV-infected infants, ...

CONTEXT Vaccine development to prevent congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection has been impeded by the uncertainty over whether maternal immunity protects the fetus. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the presence of maternal antibodies to CMV significantly reduces the risk of congenital CMV infection in future pregnancies. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cohort study of 3461 multiparous w...

A 15-year-old Japanese girl developed bulbar palsy and upper limb-dominant muscle weakness 2 weeks after the onset of an upper respiratory tract infection due to cytomegalovirus (CMV). Her symptoms resembled that seen in the pharyngeal-cervical-brachial variant (PCB) of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Although bulbar palsy usually continues for several months in PCB, her bulbar palsy was very mi...