OBJECTIVES In tumorous impairment of CNS, cytological identification of the neoplastic cells in CSF frequently requires the use of ancillary techniques. Our methods are focused on identifying algorithms that increase the probability of identifying CSF malignant cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1.272 CSF samples from patients with tumorous infiltration of CNS of nonhematologic origin al...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to characterise rates of late mortality and second cancers in an Australian cohort of childhood cancer survivors and compare these to rates observed in the New South Wales population. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Records for 896 childhood cancer survivors treated at the Sydney Children's Hospital between 1972 and 1999 were linked to the National Death I...

Background: Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with different prevalence in different sex and age groups and various parts of CNS. Objectives: Determining the relative frequency of different types of CNS tumors in different ages, sex and CNS anatomical locations. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was performed using pathological repor...

Background: Central Nervous System (CNS) relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukemia was significantly decreased due to the use of new chemotherapyeutic agents, Intrathecal chemotherapy and cranial irradiation. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of intrathecal (IT) CNS chemotherapy alone versus combination of IT chemotherapy with cranial irradiation for prevention of CNS rel...

BACKGROUND Central Nervous System (CNS) tumors have accounted for approximately one fourth of all pediatric malignancies. CNS tumors have been the most common solid malignancies among the children. In this study, we have evaluated survival and prognostic factors in children with non-brain stem astrocytoma. METHODS Children with non-brain stem astrocytoma, referring to radiation oncology cente...

Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is one of the most common malignancies after solid organ or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Most PTLD cases are B neoplasias carrying Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). A therapeutic approach reduction immunosuppression to allow T cells develop and combat EBV. If this not effective, approaches include immunotherapies such as monoclonal antibodies...

BACKGROUND Adult survivors of childhood central nervous system (CNS) tumors may be at risk for pulmonary dysfunction. This study enumerates the incidence of pulmonary dysfunction and explores associations between craniospinal irradiation (CSI) and pulmonary dysfunction among survivors of childhood CNS tumors. METHODS Participants included Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) cohort members ...

BACKGROUND A remarkable number of patients presents with multiple primary malignancies (MPM) over their lifetimes. In most cases inherited syndromes, iatrogenic, or viral factors are implicated, while in some cases it is not possible to ascertain a clear aetiopathogenesis. METHODS Starting from a series of 315 patients with MPM, we focused our attention on those with extremely infrequent comb...

AIMS Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequent tumour in women, representing 20-30% of all malignancies, and continues to be the leading cause of cancer deaths among European women. Triple-negative (TN) BC biological aggressiveness is associated with a higher dissemination rate, with central nervous system (CNS) metastases common. This study aims to elucidate the association between gene expressi...

Incidence and survival rates are commonly reported statistics, but these may fail to capture the full impact of childhood cancers. We describe the years of potential life lost (YPLL) and years of life lived with disease (YLLD) in children and adolescents who died of cancer in the United States to estimate the impact of childhood cancer in the United States in 2009. We examined mortality data in...