INTRODUCTION Current treatment options for visceral leishmaniasis (pentavalent antimony, amphotericin B, liposomal amphotericin B and mitelfosine) achieve long-term clinical cure in the majority of immunocompetent patients. Disease relapse is usually provoked by T-cell number or function impairment (corticosteroid or cytotoxic therapy, transplant recipients, advanced human immunodeficiency viru...

To the Editor, We read with great interest the case report of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) in an elderly, HIV-seronegative male patient by Aydın et al. in the December issue of your journal [1]. In spite of initial partial regression of the CNS lesion, the patient succumbed to progressive CNS disease after rituximab-based chemotherapy and whole-brai...

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a clinically and molecularly heterogeneous disease. The majority of patients respond to immunochemotherapy, generally consisting of rituximab in combination with CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone) and 60–70% can be cured. Approximately 30% will develop a relapse, of which relapses in the central nervous system (CNS), although r...

OBJECTIVE Relapse and acute exacerbation are common in schizophrenia and may impact treatment response and outcome. Evidence is conflicting in respect to superiority of long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapies versus oral antipsychotics in relapse prevention. This randomized controlled study assessed the efficacy of paliperidone palmitate versus oral antipsychotics for relapse prevention....

methamphetamine (ma) is a potent, addictive psychostimulant that has dramatic effects on the central nervous system (cns). the onset of methamphetamine use has been linked to heightened attention, and chronic methamphetamine use has been associated with deficits in different aspects of attention that can significantly persist into abstinence. attention deficits in chronic methamphetamine users ...

Mucormycosis is an uncommon but severe fungal infection, typically observed in immunocompromized patients. We report a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia complicated by rhino-oculo-cerebral mucormycosis in a pediatric patient. Combination lipid polyene-echinocandin therapy, along with surgical debridement appeared to be effective. Nevertheless, a severe relapse occurred during posaconazole pr...

Introduction Myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG)–associated disorder (MOGAD) is a recently identified immune-mediated inflammatory of the central nervous system (CNS). The significance oligoclonal bands (OCBs) not fully elucidated. This study investigated clinical differences between patients with MOGAD who tested positive or negative for OCBs. Methods was conducted on 23 MOG-IgG...

Relapse of acute lymphoblastic leukemia remains a major cause of death in patients following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Several factors may affect the concurrence and outcome of relapse, which include graft-versus-host disease, minimal residual disease or intrinsic factors of the disease, and transplantation characteristics. The mainstay of relapse prevention and treatm...

Isolated renal relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare condition. Generally, in ALL, the sites most frequently affected by extramedullary relapse are the central nervous system (CNS) and the testicles. Here we report on three young boys with relapsed B-precursor ALL, who underwent alloHSCT from HLA...