The ongoing ocean acidification associated with a changing carbonate system may impose profound effects on marine planktonic calcifiers. Here, we show that a coccolithophore, Gephyrocapsa oceanica, evolved in response to an elevated CO2 concentration of 1000 μatm (pH reduced to 7.8) in a long-term (∼670 generations) selection experiment. The high CO2 -selected cells showed increases in photosyn...

Organic acids are involved in numerous metabolic pathways in all plants. The finding that some plants, known as C4 plants, have four-carbon dicarboxylic acids as the first product of carbon fixation showed these organic acids play essential roles as photosynthetic intermediates. Oxaloacetate (OAA), malate, and aspartate (Asp) are substrates for the C4 acid cycle that underpins the CO2 concentra...

A s CO2 concentrations continue to rise and discussions on global warming assume ever more warning tones, understanding of the CO2 cycle between the atmosphere and biosphere becomes ever more important. Most CO2 enters the biosphere through the actions of Rubisco, an enzyme found in all plants and many microorganisms. For many of these organisms, this entry into the biosphere via the C3 carbon ...

Carbon-11 labelled carbon dioxide is the cyclotron-generated feedstock reagent for most positron emission tomography (PET) tracers using this radionuclide. Most carbon-11 labels, however, are installed using derivative reagents generated from [(11)C]CO2. In recent years, [(11)C]CO2 has seen a revival in applications for the direct incorporation of carbon-11 into functional groups such as ureas,...

Carbon dioxide (CO2 ), as the primary greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, triggers a series of environmental and energy related problems in the world. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop multiple methods to capture and convert CO2 into useful chemical products, which can significantly improve the environment and promote sustainable development. Over the past several decades, metal-organ...

Distribution of radiolabeled assimilates was examined at various intervals after 1 hour of light or dark 14CO2 fixation by leaves or developing fruit of grapefruit (Citrus paradisi Macf.) so that the fate of assimilates from each source could be assessed at sequential stages of fruit growth. Exported products of both light and dark 14CO2 fixation in leaves were deposited primarily in juice tiss...

The amount of carbon fixed per plant (CFC per plant) and oxygen released per plant (ORC per plant) for Platanus acerifolia were 1080.72 and 785.98 g/d, respectively. The highest contents in carbon fixation and oxygen release of P. acerifolia may indicate a good photosynthetic capacity compared to S. japonica and Z. serrata. However, the later two species of trees were found efficient related to...

A large amount of energy is utilized by legume nodules for the fixation of nitrogen and assimilation of fixed nitrogen (ammonia) into organic compounds. The source of energy is provided in the form of photosynthates by the host plant. Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) enzyme, which is responsible for carbon dioxide fixation in C4 and crassulacean acid metabolism plants, has also been foun...

Sequestration of CO2 in oil reservoirs is considered to be one of the feasible options for mitigating atmospheric CO2 building up and also for the in situ potential bioconversion of stored CO2 to methane. However, the information on these functional microbial communities and the impact of CO2 storage on them is hardly available. In this paper a comprehensive molecular survey was performed on mi...