Water vapour (H2O) is the dominant species in volcanic gas plumes. Therefore, measurements of H2O fluxes could provide valuable constraints on subsurface degassing and magmatic processes. However, due to the large and variable concentration of this species in the background atmosphere, little attention has been devoted to monitoring the emission rates of this species from volcanoes. Instead, th...

Using the voltage-multiplying circuits of chemolitho-autotrophic Fe-oxidizing bacteria (Mariprofundus ferrooxydans), we describe an integrated bioelectrochemical system that affords simultaneous CO2 reduction and H2O oxidation at an external voltage of less than 1.24 V.

Inland lakes play important roles in water and greenhouse gas cycling in the environment. This study aims to test the performance of a flux-gradient system for simultaneous measurement of the fluxes of water vapor, CO2, and CH4 at a lake-air interface. The concentration gradients over the water surface were measured with an analyzer based on the wavelength-scanned cavity ring-down spectroscopy ...

We present a systematic and efficient methodology to derive accurate (nonpolarizable) force fields from periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations for use in classical molecular simulations. The methodology requires reduced computation cost compared with other conventional ways. Moreover, the whole process is performed self-consistently in a fully periodic system. The force fields de...

The utilization of CO2 to produce life support consumables, such as O2 and H2O, via the Sabatier reaction is an important aspect of NASA’s cabin Atmosphere Revitalization System and In-Situ Resource Utilization architectures for both low-earth orbit and long-term manned space missions. In the current International Space Station (ISS) and other low orbit missions, metabolically-generated CO2 is ...

To allow for accurate calculations of calcium carbonate scaling in highly saline produced waters, we present a comprehensive thermodynamic model based on the electrolyte nonrandom two-liquid (eNRTL) activity coefficient equation aqueous Na+-Ca2+-Cl–-HCO3–-CO32–-CO2 system. The eNRTL binary interaction parameters H2O:(Na+-CO32–) pair, H2O:(Na+-HCO3–) (Na+-Cl–):(Na+-CO32–) and (Na+-Cl–):(Na+-HCO3...

We present a synergistic experimental and theoretical study of CO(2)/CH(4) mixture coadsorption in breathing metal-organic framework MIL-53(Al). Mixture adsorption experiments were performed and their results were analyzed by comparing them to predictions made from pure-component adsorption data using the Osmotic Framework Adsorption Solution Theory (OFAST). This analytical model, fully validat...

High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is often the method of choice for the separation of nonvolatile solutes. LC commonly exhibits longer analysis times, larger pressure drops and lower efRciency than either supercritical Suid chromatography (SFC) or gas chromatography (GC). The greater viscosities and lower diffusivities of liquids compared to those of supercritical Suids or gases are...

Every so often, the results obtained from investigations into the effects of varying environmental conditions on the tree growth rate at the same sites and on the change in the carbon balance in plants, using traditional methods, are found to differ widely. We believe that the reason for the ambiguity of the data has to do with failure to account for the role of the residual CO2 (and H2O) in th...