AIMS To evaluate the associations of age at menarche and the leg length-to-sitting-height ratio, markers of adolescent growth, with risk of diabetes in later life. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information from 69,385 women and 55,311 men, aged 40-74 years from the Shanghai Women's Health Study and Shanghai Men's Health Study, were included in the current analyses. Diabetes status was ascertained thr...

BACKGROUND We investigate patterns of neurodevelopmental trajectories in infants, using a representative population, and identify risk factors that predict delayed growth. METHODS Participating infants (n = 952; 82.8% of the total sample) were assessed by Mullen Scales of Early Learning at seven time points, from 1 month to 24 months of age. Mothers were recruited in early pregnancy and data ...

BACKGROUND Exposure to mould or dampness at home has been associated with adverse respiratory effects in all age groups. This exposure has also been related to insomnia in adults. We aimed to investigate the association between exposure to visible mould or dampness at home and sleep problems in children. METHODS The study population consisted of 1719 10-year-old children from the German popul...

Intellectual disability affects approximately 1-3% of the population and can be caused by genetic and environmental factors. Although many studies have investigated the etiology of intellectual disability in different populations, few studies have been performed in middle-income countries. The present study estimated the prevalence of genetic causes related to intellectual disability in a cohor...

BACKGROUND Recurrent wheezing (RW) plays an important role in the morbidity and mortality of children during the first year of life in developing regions and its actual incidence in those areas is virtually unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS This study describes the occurrence of wheezing during the first year of life in a birth cohort of 188 infants followed monthly and living in a poor urban area...

the aim was to compare the predictive power for type 2 diabetes mellitus (t2dm) using dynamic change (difference) of metabolic syndrome (ms), difference of fasting plasma glucose (fpg), baseline ms and fpg in cohort study.overall, 3461 subjects were recruited from prevention of multiple metabolic disorders and ms in jiangsu of china study with 3.8 years follow-up. cox proportional-hazards regre...

BACKGROUND Child health has improved in many developing countries, bringing new challenges, including realization of the children's full physical and intellectual potential. This study explored child development within a birth cohort, its psychosocial determinants and interactions with maternal schooling and economic position. METHODS All children born in Pelotas, Brazil, in 2004, were recrui...

BACKGROUND In most developed countries the prevalence of smoking habits is decreasing in men, while in women the prevalence seems to decline in Northern Europe but to increase in the Mediterranean area. The present research aims at assessing time trends in smoking habits in Italy. METHODS In the frame of the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) a random sample of the Italian popula...

INTRODUCTION The authors examined how body mass index (BMI) across life is linked to the risk of midlife knee osteoarthritis (OA), testing whether prolonged exposure to high BMI or high BMI at a particular period has the greatest influence on the risk of knee OA. METHODS A population-based British birth cohort of 3035 men and women underwent clinical examination for knee OA at age 53 years.He...