A low pressure (!0.5mTorr in xenon and !1mTorr in argon) Boltzmann expansion is experimentally observed on axis within a magnetized (60 to 180 G) radiofrequency (13.56 MHz) conical helicon thruster for input powers up to 900 W using plasma parameters measured with a Langmuir probe. The axial forces, respectively, resulting from the electron and magnetic field pressures are directly measured usi...

At room temperature, 300 K, silicon carbide film was formed using monomethylsilane gas on the reactive surface prepared using argon plasma. Entire process was performed at reduced pressure of 10 Pa in the argon plasma etcher, without a substrate transfer operation. By this process, the several-nanometer-thick amorphous thin film containing silicon-carbon bonds was obtained on various substrates...

Arrays of dielectric resonators—illuminated by an antenna—are used to ignite and sustain multiple microwave plasmas in parallel. Calcium titanate cylindrical resonators were arranged in a linear array with separation distances between 0.5 and 5 mm. The operating frequency was near the HEM111 resonance of 1.1 GHz. Paschen curves of the breakdown field and voltage in argon atmosphere are consiste...

sue and most importantly in a non-conduct mode. APC has revealed a remarkable spectrum of clinical applications, raising questions as to whether it should replace laser in clinical practice. The more gastroenterologists familiarize themselves with this technique, the more they appreciate its usefulness. Among its many advantages, the following should be borne in mind: effective and safe coagula...

A. ELECTRON DENSITY MEASUREMENTS IN CONTINUOUS ARGON ION LASERS We are continuing our studies of the electron density in argon ion laser discharges. Several improvements have been made in our diagnostic equipment since our last report. l We present some preliminary results of measurements performed on continuous argon discharges. 1. Steady-State Discharge Measurements Figure VII-1 is a block di...