BACKGROUND High and low ambient temperatures are associated with increased mortality in temperate and subtropical climates. Temperature-related mortality patterns are expected to change throughout this century because of climate change. OBJECTIVES We compared mortality associated with heat and cold in UK regions and Australian cities for current and projected climates and populations. METHO...

The price of electricity in the Mid-Atlantic (PJM) region of the United States increased during the “Polar Vortex” at the beginning of 2014. Transmission lines were congested because of high demand during the extreme cold weather. The natural gas price for electricity generation increased more than 35% at the end of 2013. Energy Storage Systems (ESS) would have helped the system to overcome man...

cold stress is one of the important factors which will reduce crop yield and fruit production in world. Early spring cooling and freezing weather is mostly. Possible this may considerable damage pistachio productions and farmer will lose most of their profit. Therefore study which show how pistachio plant cope freezing weather is valuable and important. The special role of amino acid in plant r...

research shows that exposure to heat-related cues (e.g., warm temperatures, “fry” and “boil”) influences the belief that global warming exists and poses a serious threat to humans. drawing on social-cognitive principles of concept accessibility and applicability, we hypothesized that these effects may depend on how the issue is framed, given that heat-related concepts are more compatible with “...

Participants in prolonged, physically demanding cold-weather activities are at risk for a condition called "thermoregulatory fatigue". During cold exposure, the increased gradient favoring body heat loss to the environment is opposed by physiological responses and clothing and behavioral strategies that conserve body heat stores to defend body temperature. The primary human physiological respon...

BACKGROUND Many studies have established a link between weather (primarily temperature) and daily mortality in developed countries. However, little is known about this relationship in urban populations in sub-Saharan Africa. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between daily weather and mortality in Nairobi, Kenya, and to evaluate this relationship with rega...

plastic shrinkage is one of the most important parameter which must be considered in hot weather concreting. if plastic shrinkage is not prevented, cracking will be significant, especialy if silica fume is used in the mix. in this paper, the effect of silica fume in bleeding and evaporation was investigated in laboratory. the results showed that in restrained shrinkage, beside relative humidity...

BACKGROUND Frostbite, the most common cold injury, occurs in mountaineers, a major group at risk, more often than in the general population. OBJECTIVES To describe the incidence of frostbite and the situations associated with it in mountaineering, emphasising factors that can be modified to decrease its frequency and severity. METHODS In this cross sectional, questionnaire based study, 637 ...