Waste material from bakeries is an unconventional energy feed source which is available in sufficient quantities for use in small-scale broiler production in South Africa. Small-scale broiler producers do not have access to the computer programs required to balance home-mixed rations. This investigation confirms that the use of dried bakery products (DBP) in a 2-stage, free-choice method can be...

A trial involving a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments was conducted to evaluate two corn silage hybrids (Agromen, AGN35-A42) and (Bayer, A3663) and concentrate levels (25 and 50%) on animal performance. Twenty-four Holstein x Zebu crossbred steers, averaging 335±30kg of BW, were distributed in six randomized blocks to evaluate intake, digestibility, and performance. Treatments consisted o...

Wheat straw was fermented by Crinipellis sp. RCK-1, a lignin degrading fungus, under solid state fermentation conditions. The fungus degraded 18.38% lignin at the expense of 10.37% cellulose within 9 days. However, when wheat straw fermented for different duration was evaluated in vitro, the 5 day fungal fermented wheat straw called here "Biotech Feed" was found to possess 36.74% organic matter...

the study was conducted to determine optimum dietary inclusion level of glyricidia leaf protein concentrate (glpc), for growing rabbits. thirty five weaned rabbits of mixed sexes were weighed and randomly allocated to five dietary treatments which contained 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% glpc for diets 1 to 5, respectively in a completely randomized design. diet 1 served as the control diet.each treatmen...

Thirty-two Alpine doelings (15 wk of age, 12 ± 2.05 kg) were randomly allocated to four treatments to evaluate the use of deep-stacked broiler litter (BL) and urea-treated wheat straw (UWS) as feedstuffs. In all treatments, UWS or untreated wheat straw (WS) was fed for ad libitum consumption along with a concentrate supplement fed at a prescribed percentage of BW. Treatments were: U B a corn-ba...

The effects of total aflatoxin (AF) given orally on liver in Merino rams were studied. In addition, this study was conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of an esterified glucomannan (EG) for protection against aflatoxicosis. One-year-old 32 Merino rams were divided into four equal groups. The control group (C) was fed with the commercial feed. The AF group was fed with commercial feed plu...

Methods for detecting and measuring the quantity of fibrolytic enzyme preparations added to feeds were investigated by enzymatic and tracer methods. Enzyme preparations added to corn silage, ryegrass silage, and a total mixed ration containing both silages and a concentrate could not be detected using their enzymatic activities. Glycosidase activities of solubles washed from the feed were more ...

T his is the first of two articles describing a number of time domain solver 3D EM field simulations of an antenna feed consisting of a circular waveg-uide with a septum polar-izer and two external coaxial connector ports. Measurements of the actual S-parameters of a constructed feed were then compared to the simulations, to determine which mesh and solver settings afforded good accuracy withou...