Abstract Complex fractional-order (CFO) transfer functions, being more generalized versions of their real-order counterparts, lend greater flexibility to system modeling. Due the absence commercial complex-order fractance elements, implementation CFO models is challenging. To alleviate this issue, a constrained optimization approach that meets targeted frequency responses proposed for rational ...

The formation of charge-transfer complexation between dibenzo-15-crown-5 (DB15C5) and benzo-12-crown-4 (B12C4) (Donor) and iodine is investigated spectrophotometrically in three chlorinated solvents,chloroform, dichloromethane (DCM) and 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) solution at 25°C. The change in polarityof the solvent also doesn’t affect the stoichiometry of the complexes. Values of formation cons...