Background: Despite the efforts to enhance hygiene education and personal hygiene and use of antibiotics and vaccination, infectious diseases remain the second cause of mortality worldwide. Vaccination is one of the greatest medical achievements in the prevention of mortality and morbidity, which has decreased treatment costs. This study aimed to compare the complications caused by pentavalent ...

appendicovesical fistula is an uncommon type of enterovesical fistula and a rare complication of unrecognized appendicitis. appendicovesical fistula often presents with recurrent or persistent urinary tract infection, especially in men. the commonest causes are appendicitis, cecal diverticulitis, and cystadenocarcinoma or carcinoid tumors of appendix. approximately 114 cases have been reported ...

International Family Planning Perspectives Recent evidence that the risk of female-tomale HIV transmission is reduced among men who have been circumcised has led to suggestions that circumcision programs could become a key component of anti-HIV efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, findings from a pair of recent studies highlight some of the obstacles that large-scale circumcision programswou...