INTRODUCTION We have seen a rise in computer misuse at a global level and also the development of new policies and strategies to describe organized computer security attacks against the information society–these strategies are described as being “information warfare.” This is very different from the traditional view of attack against computers by the individual, determined hacker, a cyber warri...

Medical application of radiation began a few months after the discovery of X-rays by the German physicist Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen more than 100 years ago. The harmful biological effects of ionizing radiation became apparent shortly after its utilization. Since 1920, health professionals in contact with radiation have worn lead protective clothing to reduce the harmful effects of ionizing radiati...

Large-scale epidemiological studies of U.S. Department of Energy workers have been underway since the 1960s. Despite the increasing availability of information about long-term follow-up of badge-monitored nuclear workers, standard-setting bodies continue to rely on the Life Span Study (LSS) of A-bomb survivors as the primary epidemiological basis for making judgments about hazards of low-level ...

Thermoluminescent dosimetry was used to measure the radiation exposure to the skin, thyroid and gonads in 50 consecutive pediatric patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography using cine photofluorography. Average exposures were 17.1 R to the skin, 2.3 R to the thyroid and 0.1 R to the gonads. Fluoroscopy accounted for approximately 80% of the skin and thyroid exposure and ...

Thermoluminescent dosimetry was used to measure the radiation exposure to the skin, thyroid and gonads in 50 consecutive pediatric patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and angiocardiography using cine photofluorography. Average exposures were 17.1 R to the skin, 2.3 R to the thyroid and 0.1 R to the gonads. Fluoroscopy accounted for approximately 80% of the skin and thyroid exposure and ...

There are several methods of measuring radon concentrations but nuclear track detector cylindrical dosimeters are widely employed. In this investigation, the consequence of effective volumes of the dosimeters on the registration of alpha tracks in a CR-39 detector was studied. In a series of experiments an optimum radius for a CR-39-based open cylindrical radon dosimeter was found to be about 3...

PURPOSE A recent reanalysis of the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) medium tumor trial concluded that incorporating factors to account for anisotropy, line source approximation, the gold plaque, and attenuation in the Silastic seed carrier into the dose calculations resulted in a significant and consistent reduction of calculated doses to structures of interest within the eye. The aut...

Thermoluminescence (TL) and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques are known as a research tools for the study of phosphor materials and for their applications in radiation dosimetry in particular [1]. Although TL technique is known since several decades, OSL is relatively newer technique. The TL or OSL emission from an irradiated sample arises upon stimulation with heat or light re...

The aim of this work was to develop and test a remote end-to-end audit system using lithium formate EPR dosimeters. Four clinics were included in a pilot study, absorbed doses determined in the PTV agreed with TPS calculated doses within ±5% for 3D-CRT and ±7% (k=1) for IMRT/VMAT dose plans.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of using vocabulary software on the vocabulary learning of Iranian EFL learners. Participants of the study were 54 intermediate-level students (23 males and 31 females) learning English as a foreign language in Mehr Institute in Izeh who were selected after taking the Nelson English Language Test as a proficiency test. They were randomly divided into t...