The presence of defects subtly alters all of a material’s properties. Chemical reactivity, mechanical strength, optical absorption, and electronic transport all vary with defect concentration. Despite these wide-ranging effects, however, it is very rare for defect control to be critical to a particular application. For example, electronic circuits perform perfectly well in the presence of defec...

background: salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) the cause of the acute febrile disease typhoid fever is the major public health problem in developing countries. asymptomatic carriers are the main sources of typhoid. the aim of this study was to investigate methods for isolation and identification of s. typhi in asymptomatic carriers. materials and methods: two hundred stool samples wer...

Terahertz plasmonic resonances in semiconductor (indium antimonide, InSb) dimer antennas are investigated theoretically. The antennas are formed by two rods separated by a small gap. We demonstrate that, with an appropriate choice of the shape and dimension of the semiconductor antennas, it is possible to obtain large electromagnetic field enhancement inside the gap. Unlike metallic antennas, t...

The complex Faraday angle and transmission for the topological insulator Bi2Se3 were measured in the far infrared in magnetic fields up to 8 T and analyzed in terms of a simple Drude-Lorentz magnetoplasma dielectric model. Bulk carriers dominate the optical response. The bulk carriers are electrons as we determined from the sign of the Faraday angle. We obtain the bulk band-edge cyclotron mass ...

Recent studies indicate that the selected micro-and macroelements and vitamins may significantly influence the risk of cancer. Folic acid is necessary for DNA synthesis and repair, plays an important role in one-carbon groups for methylation reactions. The MTHFR gene produces an enzyme important in folate metabolism. The aim of study was to analyze an association of folic acid concentrations an...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have evaluated the associations between the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) TaqIB polymorphism (rs708272), the risk of developing composite ischemic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), but results remain controversial. The objective of this study was to investigate whether a relationship exists...

Using methods of statistical physics, we present rigorous theoretical calculations of Eigen's quasispecies theory with the truncated fitness landscape which dramatically limits the available sequence space of information carriers. As the mutation rate is increased from small values to large values, one can observe three phases: the first (I) selective (also known as ferromagnetic) phase, the se...

Alpha-thalassemia (α-thal) is probably the most prevalent monogenic condition in the world. Deletions are the most common types of mutations in α-thal, followed by point mutations and small insertion/deletion. In the context of national screening program for prevention of thalassemia and hemoglobinopathies in Iran, α-thal carriers have come to more attention. Therefore, the fr...

ZnSe/semi-insulating GaAs interfaces have been studied by observing Photogenerated plasmon – LO (PPL) coupled modes by non-resonant microRaman spectroscopy. The effect of the carriers generated by the focused laser beam was investigated for a series of different thicknesses of ZnSe epitaxial layers. The PPL mode in GaAs is observed in micro-Raman spectra for all samples, but with different magn...