To examine the role of microtubules in growth cone turning, we have compared the microtubule organization in growth cones advancing on uniform laminin substrates with their organization in growth cones turning at a laminin-tenascin border. The majority (82%) of growth cones on laminin had a symmetrical microtubule organization, in which the microtubules entering the growth cone splay out toward...

Cones function in constant light and are responsible for mediating daytime human vision. Like rods, cones use the photosensitive molecule 11-cis-retinal to detect light, and in constant illumination, a continuous supply of 11-cis-retinal is needed. A retina visual cycle is thought to provide a privileged supply of 11-cis-retinal to cones by using 11-cis-retinol generated in Müller cells. In the...

OBJECTIVE The 10 m modified shuttle walking test (MSWT) is recommended to determine the functional capacity in older individuals and for patients entering cardiac rehabilitation. Participants are required to negotiate around cones set 1 m from the end markers. However, consistent comments indicate that for some individuals manoeuvring around the cones can be quite difficult. Therefore, the obje...

We characterize the barrier parameter of the optimal self{concordant barriers for homogeneous cones. In particular, we prove that for homogeneous convex cones this parameter is the same as the rank of the corresponding Siegel domain. We also provide lower bounds on the barrier parameter in terms of the Carath eodory number of the cone. The bounds are tight for homogeneous self-dual cones.

We prove that a (lax) bilimit of 2-functor is characterized by the existence limiting contraction in 2-category cones over diagram. also investigate notion bifinal object and cones. Everything developed context marked 2-categories, so machinery can be applied to different levels laxity, including pseudo-limits.

In this paper, we study and analyze the algebraic structure of the circular cone. We establish a new efficient spectral decomposition, set up the Jordan algebra associated with the circular cone, and prove that this algebra forms a Euclidean Jordan algebra with a certain inner product. We then show that the cone of squares of this Euclidean Jordan algebra is indeed the circular cone itself. The...

Wiring up the nervous system depends on the precise guidance of axonal growth cones to their targets. A key mechanism underlying this guidance is chemotaxis, whereby growth cones detect and follow molecular gradients. Although recent work has uncovered many of the molecules involved in this process, the mechanisms underlying chemotactic axon guidance are still unclear. Here we compare growth co...

Tree reproductive structures-pollen and seed cones, or microand mega­ sporangia-represent an extremely rich source of food for many animals (166). Although some species exploit pollen cones (189), in this review we deal exclusively with those exploiting seed cones prior to seed dispersal. Insects are considered the most important seed predators during the predispersal phase of seed development ...

There are three related concepts that arise in connection with the angular analysis of a convex cone: antipodality, criticality, and Nash equilibria. These concepts are geometric in nature but they can also be approached from the perspective of optimization theory. A detailed angular analysis of polyhedral convex cones has been carried out in a recent work of ours. This note focus on two import...