Cloning and characterization of MEKK1 in 1993 revealed that in addition to Raf there were other pathways activated by extracellular stimuli that were responsible for ERK activation. Since then, three additional MEKK family members have been cloned adding even further diversity to the regulation of MAPK pathways. The MEKK family members are regulated by a diverse array of extracellular stimuli r...

We determine for what proportion of integers h one now knows that there are infinitely many prime pairs p, p+ h as a consequence of the Zhang-Maynard-Tao theorem. We consider the natural generalization of this to k-tuples of integers, and we determine the limit of what can be deduced assuming only the Zhang-Maynard-Tao theorem.

We describe a methodology for the design of multidimensional languages to be used for multimedia applications. The methodology supports the generation of multimedia languages and applications starting from the generic description of a problem. The design framework extends traditional methodologies for visual language design and relies on Teleaction Objects (TAO) as the basic model for specifyin...

OBJECTIVES To report photographic evidence of eyebrow tissue expansion in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) and to demonstrate consistency in grading through the use of standardized photographs. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of patients referred for evaluation of TAO in an orbitofacial tertiary care center between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2010. A grading key w...

PURPOSE To better understand the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) through elucidating the role of thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) and CD40 in the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in peripheral blood fibrocytes. Fibrocytes infiltrate the orbit of patients with TAO, where they differentiate into fibroblasts. Fibrocyte precursors occur with increased frequency in the peripheral b...

This paper describes a recently-initiated project to extend TAO to make it better capable of flexibly and effectively adapting to provide a sufficient level of timeliness and other quality of service (QoS) to dynamic environments that have varying workloads and dynamic real-time requirements. The project is a joint effort among The U.S. Navy SPAWAR Systems Center San Diego (SPAWAR), Tri-Pacific...

BACKGROUND Transaortic transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAo-TAVI) is a recently developed approach that provides an alternative delivery route for valve replacement in patients with vascular abnormalities or existing comorbidities. While initial studies have shown the principal efficacy and safety, the real world effectiveness and safety of this approach remains to be fully assessed. ...

The majority of previous studies on high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone pulse (IVMP) therapy have observed the clinical conditions of patients prior to and following treatment without any long-term follow-up, and these studies have predominantly focused on combined treatment. The present prospective clinical study aimed to assess the long-term effects and safety of high-dose IVMP therapy i...

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) is a powerful natural prooxidant derived from native LDL by cell-mediated oxidation. Such oxidation occurs more easily in glycated LDL as observed in diabetes mellitus. We evaluated and compared selected biomarkers of oxidative stress and total antioxidant (TAO) levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with and without retinopathy in the Mthat...

The clinical utility of the functional TSH receptor autoantibodies was prospectively evaluated in patients with thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO). Ophthalmic, endocrine, and serological investigations were performed in 101 consecutive patients with severe and active TAO. Serum thyroid stimulating (TSAb) and blocking (TBAb) antibody levels were measured with two bioassays using cells that exp...