This document specifies an adaptive Non-Congestion Robustness (aNCR) mechanism for TCP. In the absence of explicit congestion notification from the network, TCP uses only packet loss as an indication of congestion. One of the signals TCP uses to determine loss is the arrival of three duplicate acknowledgments. However, this heuristic is not always correct, notably in the case when paths reorder...

Congestion is intrinsic to the operation of networks and is usually handled by a combination of algorithms at the link and network/transport layers. Link level algorithms alleviate “transient congestion” caused by the temporary oversubscription of a link due to a burst of packets arriving at a switch or router buffer. Network or transport level algorithms alleviate “sustained congestion” which ...

The Differentiated Service (DS) framework has been developed by the Internet Engineering Taskforce (IETF) to provide Quality of Service (QoS) on the Internet. Load Control Pre-Congestion Notification (LC-PCN) is a measurement based DiffServ implementation that uses Admission Control and Flow Termination to control the load in a domain. In this paper a preliminary performance evaluation of Admis...

To support the mobility and low cost deployment, the wireless technology is being used for number of applications. Wireless Mesh Networks (WMN) is one of the evolving technology to provide un-disrupted data connectivity to mobile users. It provides high bandwidth through efficient resource sharing, specially for areas deprived of wired connectivity. These networks also offer self-configuring, s...

The TCP protocol is used by the majority of the network applications on the Internet. TCP performance is strongly influenced by its congestion control algorithms that limit the amount of transmitted traffic based on the estimated network capacity and utilization. Because the freely available Linux operating system has gained popularity especially in the network servers, its TCP implementation a...

Since from last decade, there is tremendous growth in cellular wireless networks like heterogeneous cellular networks. The heterogeneous networks such as LTE-A in which WiFi, WiMAX networks are communicated frequently. Radio Access Technologies (RATs) through which number of mobile devices having interfaces, similarly mobile devices having number interfaces with different RATs. These RATs are d...

This document redefines how the explicit congestion notification (ECN) field of the IP header should be constructed on entry to and exit from any IP in IP tunnel. On encapsulation it updates RFC3168 to bring all IP in IP tunnels (v4 or v6) into line with RFC4301 IPsec ECN processing. On decapsulation it updates both RFC3168 and RFC4301 to add new behaviours for previously unused combinations of...