Caudal duplication (dipygus) is an uncommon pathologic of conjoined twinning. The conjoined malformation is classified according to the nature and site of the union. We report the presence of this malformation in a female crossbreed puppy. The puppy was delivered by caesarean section following a prolonged period of dystocia. External findings showed a single head (monocephalus) and a normal cra...

Sheep conjoined twins have been reported less than cow. An apparently female conjoined twin lambs was examined based on external and internal features. In radiology, two vertebral columns and two pairs of the ribs were seen. Only two heads and two necks were separated (thoraco-omphalopygopagus). There were three forelimbs (tribrachius), one of which grew on dorsal region as a notomelus.  Teat b...

Conjoined twins have been a source of fascination to the public and the medical profession for centuries. Their birth was initially viewed as an ominous sign of impending disaster. Since Middle Ages into the 19th century they were regarded as monstrosities and were exhibited at circuses and sideshows. The frequency of conjoined twins is approximately 1 in 50,000 gestation, but many of them die ...

As political scientists begin to incorporate biological influences as explanatory factors in political behavior, the need to present a methodological road map for utilizing biometric genetic theory and twin data is apparent. The classical twin design (CTD) remains the most popular design for initial examinations of the source of variance among social and political behaviors, and a vast majority...

This report describes a rare case of conjoined female twin monster (Monocephalus Thoracopagus Tetrabrachius Tetrapus Dicaudatus) in a Holstein Friesian pluriparous crossbred cow.