Africa has high biodiversity and is rapidly urbanizing. However, there is limited understanding of how urban expansion in Africa is likely to affect its habitats and biodiversity. Little urban ecological research has been done in Africa. This study needs to think ahead as Africa move into the “urban age” it is critical to inform the public on the importance of urban environment...

The paper focuses on conservation agriculture (CA), defined as minimal soil disturbance (no-till, NT) and permanent soil cover (mulch) combined with rotations, as a more sustainable cultivation system for the future. Cultivation and tillage play an important role in agriculture. The benefits of tillage in agriculture are explored before introducing conservation tillage (CT), a practice that was...

The natural and old-growth forests their associated biodiversity continues to fade worldwide due anthropogenic impact in various forms. boreal Fennoscandia have been subject intensive clearfelling forestry since the middle of twentieth century. As a result, only fraction with long temporal continuity remains at landscape level. In Sweden, some these primary formally protected, whereas other kno...