Considering the great significant role that routing protocols play in transfer rate and choosing the optimum path for exchange of data packages, and further in the amount of consumed energy in the routing protocol, the present study has focused on developing an efficient compound energy algorithm based on cluster structure which is called active node with cluster structure. The purpose of this ...

PURPOSE To date, the parameters for evaluating enucleation efficiency have only considered enucleation time, although operators simultaneously consume both time and energy during holmium laser enucleation of the prostate. This study was undertaken to find a better way of assessing enucleation skills, considering both enucleation time and consumed energy. MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred (n=1...

in this study, energy consumption pattern, efficiency and the percentage of saved energy and inputs of poultry production farms in isfahan, nain and najafabad townships with different capacities were evaluated. the average of net energy gain per 1000 bird for capacities less than 10, 10-30 and more than 30 thousand pieces was calculated as -143.66, -129.58 and -94.99 gj/1000 bird, respectively....

Many useful calculation rules, such as fusion and tupling, rely on well-structured functions, especially in terms of inputs and outputs. For instance, fusion requires that well-produced outputs should be connected to well-consumed inputs, so that unnecessary intermediate data structures can be eliminated. These calculation rules generally fail to work unless functions are well-structured. In th...

OBJECTIVE To explore eating patterns and snacking among US infants, toddlers and pre-school children. DESIGN The Feeding Infants and Toddlers Study (FITS) 2008 was a cross-sectional national survey of children aged 6-47 months, weighted to reflect US age and racial/ethnic distributions. Dietary data were collected using one multiple-pass 24h recall. Eating occasions were categorized as meals,...

Since it was first realized that biological energy transduction involves oxygen and ATP, opinions about the amount of ATP made per oxygen consumed have continually evolved. The coupling efficiency is crucial because it constrains mechanistic models of the electron-transport chain and ATP synthase, and underpins the physiology and ecology of how organisms prosper in a thermodynamically hostile e...