The scaling of the kinematic boundary layer thickness λu and the friction factor Cf at the topand bottom-wall of Rayleigh-Bénard convection is studied by Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). By a detailed analysis of the friction factor, a new parameterisation for Cf and λu is proposed. The simulations were made of an L/H = 4 aspect-ratio domain with periodic lateral boundary conditions at Ra = {...

Guinea pig peritoneal macrophages, when activated for cytotoxicity by the calcium ionophore A23187 or lipopolysaccharide, produce a cytotoxic factor [macrophage cytotoxic factor (M phi-CF)] that is not blocked by catalase or protease inhibitors. Fractionation of culture supernates containing M phi-CF by gel filtration revealed one peak of cytotoxic activity of Mr approximately 45,000, the same ...

Growth deficits are common in cystic fibrosis (CF), but their cause is complex, with contributions from exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, pulmonary complications, gastrointestinal obstructions, and endocrine abnormalities. The CF mouse model displays similar growth impairment despite exocrine pancreatic function and in the absence of chronic pulmonary infection. The high incidence of intestina...

To delineate the mechanisms that facilitate leukocyte migration into the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung, expression of chemokines, including interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and RANTES, was compared between CF and non-CF airway epithelia. The findings presented herein demonstrate that, under either basal conditions or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)- and/or interfero...

Poor Outcome After First-Ever Stroke To the Editor: The authors of this study1 have highlighted the significance of cardiac disease, particularly cardiac failure (CF) and atrial fibrillation (AF), to be an independent risk factor for stroke mortality at 1 year. AF has attracted attention for several years, but the variable of cardiac failure has only recently been reported as a significant fact...

Background & Aims of the Study: Jamalabad district of Lowshan is one of the ancient industrial zones of the country with regard to having Lowshan industrial estate, Shahid Beheshti power plant, and the locality of two cement production factories. Hence, the study of some persistent pollutants such as heavy can be extremely valuable in terms of public health and environmental issues. Materia...

Pawara area is a mining district in the eastern region of Cameroon. Mining generally artisanal and semi-mechanized, practiced by local miners immigrants from neighboring African countries China. The lack strict regulations control activities permits to use illegal substances, especially Hg gold separation. These expose toxic heavy metals pollution. This study highlights source concentration soi...

Cleavage factor IA (CF IA), cleavage and polyadenylation factor (CPF), constitute major protein complexes required for pre-mRNA 3' end formation in yeast. The Clp1 protein associates with Pcf11, Rna15 and Rna14 in CF IA but its functional role remained unclear. Clp1 carries an evolutionarily conserved P-loop motif that was previously shown to bind ATP. Interestingly, human and archaean Clp1 hom...