This paper use the dynamic growth framework to model relationship between trade liberalization policy and economic of 42 African countries from 1995 2018. Banking on heterogeneity income socioeconomic factor affecting policies in countries, opted for Pooled Mean Group (PMG) technique which is sufficient inference a heterogeneous environment. The result tells that beneficial up certain threshold...

A ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption scheme allows that an encrypter assigns a decryption policy to ciphertexts. Any user will be able to decrypt if and only if a set of attributes (his private key) satisfy the assigned decryption policy. In this paper we first propose a new chosen ciphertext secure ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption scheme with constant-size ciphertext and ...