Abstract Much of the contemporary literature on populism focuses its status as a “thin” ideology comprising three key components: people-centrism, anti-elitism, and anti-pluralism. Populist politicians pair this with extreme positions policy issues such immigration or taxation (referred to “host” “thick” ideologies). A recent study using German samples leveraged conjoint experiments disentangle...

Pundits, development practitioners, and scholars worry that rising populism international disengagement in developed countries have negative consequences on foreign aid. However, how aid go together is not well understood. This paper provides the first systematic examination of this relationship. We adopt popular ideational definition populism, unpack into its core “thin” elements, examine them...

International educational mobility is often perceived as westward for non-English speaking learners. This study explores an increasing trend of from developed countries to mainland China ecological systematic perspectives. Drawing on interviews with fourteen students countries, the factors key their choice postgraduate programmes in and subsequent experiences. It reveals that students’ can be c...

In MOEAs with elitism, the data structures and algorithms for storing and updating archives may have a great impact on the CPU time, especially when optimizing continuous problems with larger population sizes. In this paper, we introduce Quad-trees as an efficient data structure for storing Pareto-points. Apart from conventional linear lists, we have implemented three kinds of Quad-trees for th...

This paper presents a genetic algorithm for solving the optimal transmission network applied to the expansion planning of Colombia’s system. Main improvements have been introduced in the genetic algorithm: initial population is obtained by constructive heuristic methods of optimization, and elitism and building block concepts are used in the optimization process. An important part of this optim...

In this paper we present a new chromosome representation for evolving digital circuits. The representation is based very closely on the chip architecture of the Xilinx 6216 FPGA. We examine the effectiveness of evolving circuit functionality by using randomly chosen examples taken from the truth table. We consider the merits of a cell architecture in which functional cells alternate with routin...