5 This paper studies the significance of MJO convection asymmetry through composites 6 of kinematic and thermodynamic fields associated with predominantly symmetric and pre7 dominantly antisymmetric MJO convection using ECMWF Interim Reanalysis. The MJO 8 events were identified based on the primary MJO modes extracted from the IR brightness 9 temperature in Part I of this work. The predominantl...

INTRODUCTION Recent randomised controlled trials suggest that on-line hemodiafiltration (OL-HDF) improves survival, provided that it reaches high convective volumes. However, there is scant information on the feasibility and the consequences of modifying convection volumes in clinics. METHODS Twelve stable dialysis patients were treated with high-flux 1.8 m2 polysulphone dialyzers and 4 level...

In the solar convection zone, rotation couples with intensely turbulent convection to build global-scale flows of differential rotation and meridional circulation. Our sun must have rotated more rapidly in its past, as is suggested by observations of many rapidly rotating young solar-type stars. Here we explore the effects of more rapid rotation on the patterns of convection in such stars and t...

Thermal convection in a dielectric fluid layer between two parallel plates subjected to an alternating electric field and a temperature gradient is investigated under microgravity conditions. A thermoelectric coupling resulting from the thermal variation of the electric permittivity of the fluid produces the dielectrophoretic (DEP) body force, which can be regarded as thermal buoyancy due to an...

Accurate modeling of heat dissipation in pediatric intracorporeal devices is crucial in avoiding tissue and blood thermotrauma. Thermal models of new Maglev ventricular assist device (VAD) concepts for the PediaFlow VAD are developed by incorporating empirical heat transfer equations with thermal finite element analysis (FEA). The models assume three main sources of waste heat generation: coppe...

This paper aims to give the reader a summary of current understanding of the streamlinediffusion finite element method (SDFEM), as applied to linear steady-state convection-diffusion problems. Towards this end, we begin with a brief description of the nature of convectiondiffusion problems: the structure of their solutions will be examined, with special emphasis on the main phenomena of exponen...

O ne of the best-known hydrographic features of the midlatitude oceans is “Sub-Tropical Mode Water” (“STMW”), an upper-ocean water mass characterized by homogeneous properties and extending, in wintertime, to a depth of some 400 m. Mode waters were first observed over 130 yr ago by Thomson (1877). Since these pioneering observations, they have been found in all midlatitude gyres and adjacent to...

Water vapor in the lower stratosphere exhibits localized maximum values during Northern Hemisphere summer in the Asian and North American (NA) monsoon regions. The processes maintaining these maxima are not well understood. We analyze the variability of water vapor in the monsoon regions based on Aura Microwave Limb Sounder satellite observations during 2005–2013 and quantify links to deep conv...

Carbon dioxide injected into saline aquifers dissolves in the resident brines increasing their density, which might lead to convective mixing. Understanding the factors that drive convection in aquifers is important for assessing geological CO2 storage sites. A hydrodynamic stability analysis is performed for non-linear, transient concentration fields in a saturated, homogenous, porous medium u...

Current supernova modeling revolves around the idea that the stalled supernova shock is reenergized by absorption of electron neutrinos and antineutrinos on the shock-liberated nucleons behind it. Key to this process is the neutrino transport in the critical semitransparent region encompassing the neutrinospheres. Potentially aiding this process is convection below the neutrinospheres and the s...