In this paper we modeled and analyzed the ridge type InGaAlAs/InP semiconductor laser with lateral current confinement structure, and optimized the design for the ridge wave guide with the current confinement. We proposed and fabricated the ridge type InGaAlAs/InP laser with a cost effective selective undercut etching method and demonstrated the improvement of the ridge laser performance. This ...

Quark confinement and the genesis of the constituent quark model are examined in nonperturbative QCD in Coulomb gauge. We employ a self-consistent method to construct a quasiparticle basis and to determine the quasiparticle interaction. The results agree remarkably well with lattice computations. They also illustrate the mechanism by which confinement and constituent quarks emerge, provide supp...

We present a new framework for the description of macromolecules subject to confining geometries. The two main ingredients are a new computational method and the definition of a new molecular size parameter. The computational method, hereafter referred to the confinement analysis from bulk structures (CABS), allows the computation of equilibrium partition coefficients as a function of confineme...

In this paper, we will present a modification of the preconditioned AOR-type method for solving the linear system. A theorem is given to show the convergence rate of modification of the preconditioned AOR methods that can be enlarged than the convergence AOR method.

Synthetic microswimmers are envisioned to be useful in numerous applications, many of which occur in tightly confined spaces. It is therefore important to understand how confinement influences swimmer dynamics. Here we study the motility of bimetallic microswimmers in linear and curved channels. Our experiments show swimmer velocities increase, up to 5 times, with the degree of confinement, and...

This study is to understand confinement effect on the dynamical behaviour of a droplet immersed in an immiscible liquid subjected to a simple shear flow. The lattice Boltzmann method, which uses a forcing term and a recolouring algorithm to realize the interfacial tension effect and phase separation respectively, is adopted to systematically study droplet deformation and breakup in confined con...

The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) was proposed by Glowinski and Marrocco in 1975; and it has been widely used in a broad spectrum of areas, especially in some sparsitydriven application domains. In 1982, Fortin and Glowinski suggested to enlarge the range of the step size for updating the dual variable in ADMM from 1 to (0, 1+ √ 5 2 ); and this strategy immediately accelera...

The method of generalized quasilinearization for second-order boundary value problems has been extended when the forcing function is the sum of 2-hyperconvex and 2-hyperconcave functions. We develop two sequences under suitable conditions which converge to the unique solution of the boundary value problem. Furthermore, the convergence is of order 3. Finally, we provide numerical examples to sho...

The analysis of digital shapes require tools to determine accurately their geometric characteristics. Their boundary is by essence discrete and is seen by continuous geometry as a jagged continuous curve, either straight or not derivable. Discrete geometric estimators are specific tools designed to determine geometric information on such curves. We present here global geometric estimators of ar...