Background The long-term clinical issue in Kawasaki disease (KD) concerns the coronary artery lesion. Two-dimensional echocardiography and coronary angiography are routine examinations to evaluate the coronary lesions; however, these are not adequate to assess the wall morphology of the coronary artery (CA). Intravascular ultrasound imaging (IVUS), a new technology for the evaluation of the cor...

Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are rare dilations of arterial segments. These aneurysms are mostly caused by atherosclerosis. Due to the rarity of this condition, there are no official guidelines for its management; therefore, management is mainly based on case reports. We present a patient with a giant CAA in the left anterior descending artery who was treated medically. At 12-month follow-u...

The major complication of Kawasaki disease is coronary artery dilatation and aneurysm. It occurs in approximately 15-25% of untreated children with Kawasaki Disease. Early diagnosis and treatment with Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) and aspirin (ASA) can reduce the incidence of coronary artery abnormality to 2%-5%. We report one case of Atypical Kawasaki Disease with Multiple giant coronary ...

KD predominantly affects the coronary arteries, which is the most important clinical manifestation of the disease, varying from dilation and stenosis to aneurysm (incidence of 5% in patients with adequate treatment, and 25% in untreated patients). Giant coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs), i.e., CAAs with diameters > 8 mm, are associated with increased risk of thrombosis, acute myocardial infarcti...

Selective inhibitors of the adenosine 5'-diphosphate pathway of platelet activation have been used rarely in children in the United States. We report the successful use of ticlopidine, together with aspirin, in a 7-month-old infant with Kawasaki disease complicated by a thrombus in a giant coronary aneurysm that failed to resolve with thrombolytic therapy. Kawasaki disease, coronary aneurysms, ...

Surgical revascularization for coronary artery lesions secondary to Kawasaki disease has been rarely reported in adult patients. We reported an adult case with few coronary risk factors but with multiple coronary artery aneurysms and obstructive lesions presumably secondary to Kawasaki disease who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with multiple arterial grafts. The postoperative ...

Coronary artery aneurysms are uncommon and may be complicated by rupture, thromboembolic phenomenon, and more rarely fistulation into one of the cardiac chambers. This case report highlights the difficulty in making a preoperative diagnosis of a coronary artery aneurysm that has fistulated into the right atrium, and lists possible differential diagnoses.

Peripheral arterial aneurysms are a feature of Kawasaki disease (KD), and very little information has been published on this feature. Failure to recognize this important complication can lead to severe consequences such as peripheral gangrene. We present the case of a 2-year-old girl, diagnosed with KD at 11 months of age, who developed multiple giant aneurysms in the bilateral axillary arterie...

Dr. Rainer points out the difficulty in distinguishing poststenotic dilatation from coronary arterial aneurysm. When we first became interested in this problem, we reviewed the literature and talked to other angiographers about the criteria to be used. It became clear that coronary arterial aneurysms are easy to idenhfy if there is no associated coronary atherosclerosis. In the face of coronary...

A20-year-old woman with a history of Kawasaki’s disease as a child and coronary aneurysms underwent cardiac MRI for reevaluation before an intended pregnancy. The patient regularly participated in athletic activities, and the physical examination was unremarkable. The ECG showed normal sinus rhythm and nonspecific T-wave abnormalities in the precordial leads. MRI (1.5-T ACS-NT, Philips Medical ...