Some scaling properties for classical light ray dynamics inside a periodically corrugated waveguide are studied by use of a simplified two-dimensional nonlinear area-preserving map. It is shown that the phase space is mixed. The chaotic sea is characterized using scaling arguments revealing critical exponents connected by an analytic relationship. The formalism is widely applicable to systems w...

Optical fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) are key devices for optical communication and sensors. FBGs are based on a periodic variation in the refractive index of the fiber core and allow for the reflection of a narrowband signal centered at a specific Bragg wavelength. Over the last two decades, FBGs have been manufactured mainly by modifying the core refractive index using interferometric or point-b...

A numerical simulation of a turbulent flow water in three shell and tube heat exchangers equipped with 6, 8, 10 segmental baffles as the working fluid at Reynolds numbers ranging from 24327, 33356, 42569 are performed. The conservation equations mass, momentum energy solved by finite volume method based on SIMPLE algorithm for coupling velocity-pressure, mathematical model k-ε within Fluent sof...

We have employed our recently developed Green’s function formalism to study the dielectric behavior of a model membrane, formed by two periodic interfaces separating two media of different dielectric constants. The Maxwell’s equations are converted into a surface integral equation; thus it greatly simplifies the solutions and yields accurate results for membranes of arbitrary shape. The integra...

To date, research on the visual control of locomotion, or optic flow, has been treated largely as a computational problem wherein formal descriptions are sought to character-ise the change in the image pattern on the retina that results from observer translation with concomitant eye rotation (se Lappe et al 1999, for details). Various models have been proposed (see Hildreth and Royden 1998, for...

In August 2009 the Sun illuminated Saturn's rings from almost exactly edge-on, revealing a subtle corrugation that extends across the entire C ring. This corrugation's amplitude is 2 to 20 meters and its wavelength is 30 to 80 kilometers. Radial trends in the corrugation's wavelength indicate that this structure--like a similar corrugation previously identified in the D ring--results from diffe...

Turbulent flow in complex geometries receives considerable attention due to its importance in many engineering applications. It has been the subject of interest for many researchers. Some of these interests include the design of storm water channels. The design of these channels requires testing through physical models. The main practical limitation of physical models is the so called “scale ef...