Here, creation of the universe is obtained out of gravity only. The dy-namical universe begins with two basic ingredients (i)vacuum energy, also called dark energy (as vacuum energy is not observed) and (ii) background radiation. These two are obtained through one-loop renormalization of ric-cion. In the proposed cosmology, it is found that not only current universe expands with acceleration, b...

Landauer’s principle and the Holographic principle are used to derive the holographic information energy contribution to the Universe. Information energy density has increased with star formation until sufficient to start accelerating the expansion of the universe. The resulting reduction in the rate of star formation due to the accelerated expansion may provide a feedback that limits the infor...

The acceleration of the expansion of the universe has deep implications for structure formation, the composition of the universe, and its fate. Roughly 70% of the energy density is in a dark energy, whose nature remains unknown. Mapping the expansion history through supernovae, mapping the geometry of the universe and formation of structure through redshift surveys, and mapping the distance to ...

The 'standard' model of cosmology is founded on the basis that the expansion rate of the universe is accelerating at present - as was inferred originally from the Hubble diagram of Type Ia supernovae. There exists now a much bigger database of supernovae so we can perform rigorous statistical tests to check whether these 'standardisable candles' indeed indicate cosmic acceleration. Taking accou...

the dependence of the lateral distribution of cherenkov light in simulated extensive air showers to the energy and the mass of the primary cosmic rays has been studied. it has been shown that a previous claim about mass independent proportionality of shower energy to the total cherenkov photon number is not valid in energies below eeas ~ 1014 ev. we have found that the core distance of the so c...