Research on relationship lending focuses attention on economic factors which influence the relationships between SMEs’ owners/managers and banks but no previous work has focused on the role of trust. Trust is expected to reduce agency costs, the perceived credit risk and, thus, influence credit availability and credit terms. Trustworthiness is associated with three attributes of SME owner manag...

credit risk is defined as a situation in which the liability itself and its interests are not paid back based on the terms determined in contract. in fact, it is considered as the most important risk each bank has to encounter, among the ones present in banking operations, which is actually because of bank's later life being dependent on it. therefore, carefully taken into account, the fac...

Research on relationship lending focuses attention on economic factors which influence the relationships between SMEs’ owners/managers and banks but no previous work has focused on the role of trust. Trust is expected to reduce agency costs, the perceived credit risk and, thus, influence credit availability and credit terms. Trustworthiness is associated with three attributes of SME owner manag...

A Credit-Based Controller (CBC), which has a provision for cell tagging, is proposed for usage parameter control (UPC). Similar in concept to the leaky bucket, the CBC has a credit counter and a data buuer. Credits are accumulated at a rate initiated from the network (equivalent to the sustainable cell rate), and depleted at a rate pertaining to the network traac load. A source has the prerogat...

Monetary policy influences the economy through its effects on credit conditions facing households and firms, for example, the interest rates available on bank deposits and bank loans, and the cost of capital for firms, be it in the form of bank credit, debt issued on the capital market, or equity. While it is convenient for analytical purposes to assume that the monetary authority controls the ...

One of the most important recent innovations in financial markets has been the development of credit derivative products that allow banks to more actively manage their credit portfolios than ever before. We analyze the effect that access to these markets has had on the lending behavior of a sample of banks, using a sample of banks that have not accessed these markets as a control group. We find...

† IEEE Network Mag., Mar. 1995, pp. 49–56. ATM is the first switching technology that can support both fixed bandwidth services similar to circuit switching, and highly variable bandwidth services similar to packet switching, in a single integrated environment [1]. Definitions for traffic management for services with a fixed traffic profile were completed by the ATM Forum in their version 3.0 s...

We analyze a new data set on installment borrowing decisions of a sample of customers of a credit card company. In an attempt to increase its market share, the company more or less randomly offers its customers free installments, i.e. opportunities to finance credit card purchases via installment loans at a zero percent interest rate for durations up to twelve months. We exploit these offers as...

The collapse of so many AAA-rated structured ...nance products in 2007-2008 has brought renewed attention to the causes of ratings failures and the con‡icts of interest in the Credit Ratings Industry. We provide a model of competition among Credit Ratings Agencies (CRAs) in which there are three possible sources of con‡icts: 1) the CRA con‡ict of interest of understating credit risk to attract ...