nitrogen is produced mainly from its most abundant source, the air, using three processes: membrane, pressure swing adsorption (psa) and cryogenic. the most common method for evaluating a process is using the selection diagrams based on feasibility studies. since the selection diagrams are presented by different companies, they are biased, and provide unsimilar and even controversial results. i...

Cryogenic data storage technology is of use in superconducting single-flux quantum electronics and computing. However, the lack compatible cryogenic memory technology, which can operate at temperatures 4 K (or lower), hinders development practical scalable systems. Here we examine technologies. We explore three areas technology: non-superconducting memories (including those based on charge resi...

this article describes an accurate subpico flowmeter bifurcatedin to liquid and gas flowrates less than 1mol/s for both mems/nems and cryogenic technology applications. the mems/nems are described as either two gauges (instrument), or quartz fluctuating forks, even if the liquid or gas flows through an element, as well as cryogenic technology consisting of arrays of either parallel photonic cry...

The focused-ion-beam (FIB) is the method of choice for site-specific sample preparation for Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) in material sciences. A lamella can be physically lifted out from a specific region of a bulk specimen with submicrometer precision and thinned to electron transparency for high-resolution imaging in the TEM. The possibility to use this tool in life sciences applica...

A considerable part of the global pool of terrestrial carbon is stored in high latitude soils. In these soils, repeated cycles of freezing and thawing creates soil motion (cryoturbation) that in combination with other cryogenic disturbance processes may play a profound role in controlling the carbon balance of the arctic soil. Conditions for cryogenic soil processes are predicted to dramaticall...

Printed & published by Dr Mohinder Singh, Director, DESIDOC, on behalf of DRDO. RNI No. 55787/93 Readers of Technology Focus are invited to send their communications to the Editor, Technology Focus DESIDOC, Metcalfe House, Delhi 110 054. India Telephone: 011-23819975; Fax: 011-23819151; Drona-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] Internet: http://www....

iran’s vast common natural gas resources and the necessity to extract and export it as liquefied natural gas (lng) to distances more than 3000km opens a lucrative field for researchers to optimize lng cycles. in this article heat integration in cryogenic cycles by determining interacycle partition temperature and optimizing refrigeration features like subcooler, presaturator, aftercooler, reboi...

ZnO thin films were epitaxially grown on c-sapphire substrates by pulsed laser deposition at substrate temperatures of 500–800 °C. The crystal structure of ZnO films follow the epitaxial relationship of (0001)ZnO(0001)Al2O3(101̄0)ZnO (112̄0)Al2O3 . Both room temperature and cryogenic temperature photoluminescence showed a remarkable band-edge transition, and clear excitonic structures could be se...

The performance of triple-picket deuterium-tritium cryogenic target designs on the OMEGA Laser System [T. R. Boehly, Opt. Commun. 133, 495 (1997)] is reported. These designs facilitate control of shock heating in low-adiabat inertial confinement fusion targets. Areal densities up to 300 mg/cm2 (the highest ever measured in cryogenic deuterium-tritium implosions) are inferred in the experiments ...