Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common condition faced by the practicing allergist. There is a considerable degree of variation in the evaluation of patients with CU. The intent of this article is to provide the practicing allergist with an appropriate, evidence-based strategy for diagnosis and initial management of patients with CU. A review was performed of pertinent literature of CU pertaining t...

The atomic structure and electronic transport properties of a single hydrogen molecule connected to both symmetric and asymmetric Cu electrodes are investigated by using the non-equilibrium Green's function formalism combined with the density functional theory. Our calculations show that in symmetric Cu-H2-Cu junctions, the low-bias conductance drops rapidly upon stretching, while asymmetric on...

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of supplemental tribasic copper chloride (Cu(2)(OH(3))Cl; TBCC) vs. Cu sulfate (CuSO(4)) on Cu status and voluntary forage DMI in growing heifers. Two 90-d experiments were conducted using 48 non-pregnant, crossbred heifers (24 heifers/experiment; 355 +/- 10.7 and 309 +/- 9.9 kg for Exp. 1 and 2, respectively). In each experiment, 3 supp...

The influence of ration size on homeostasis and sublethal toxicity of copper (Cu) was assessed in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during dietary Cu exposure in synthetic soft water. A constant dietary dose of 0.24 micromol Cu per g fish per day as CuSO(4).5H(2)O was delivered via diets containing 15.75, 7.87, and 5.24 micromol Cu g(-1) fed at 1.5, 3.0, and 4.5% wet body weight daily ration,...

The title compound, [Cu(3)(C(6)H(18)NSi(2))(C(9)H(24)N(3)Si(2))(2)], is a trinuclear Cu(I) complex. A crystallographic twofold axis passes through one Cu(I) atom and the N atom of the bis-(trimethyl-silyl)amide ligand that bridges between the other two Cu(I) atoms. The Cu-Cu bonds bridged by the guanadinate ligands [2.7913 (9) Å] are slightly longer than the Cu-Cu bond bridged by the bis-(trime...

The voltammetric study of Cu (II) in presence of aspartic acid (Aa) and L-phenyl alanine (Pa) respectively has been carried out in buffer solution of different pH, scan rate and variation of Aa or Pa concentration. Cu(II) in presence of Aa and Pa has been found to undergo two anodic peaks follows two step two electron transfer anodic reaction. The peak positions of the voltammogram of Cu(II) in...

Digestive systems of deposit and suspension feeders can be exposed to high concentrations of copper (Cu) by ingestion of contaminated sediments. We assessed a potential impact of this Cu exposure on digestive enzyme activities in a wide range of benthic organisms by monitoring enzyme activities in their gut fluids during in vitro titrations with dissolved Cu, which mimics Cu solubilization from...

Copper (Cu) is an essential metal, although in excess is highly toxic due to its redox properties and, therefore intracellular Cu homeostasis is a highly regulated process. Cu-ATPases are pivotal regulatory, proteins of intracellular and bodily Cu homeostasis. Two Cu-ATPases, ATP7A and ATP7B with distinct, functions are found in mammals and herein we report the structure and expression under Cu...

Copper homoeostasis was investigated in the Drosophila melanogaster S2 cell line to develop an insect model for the study of copper regulation. Real-time PCR studies have demonstrated expression in S2 cells of putative orthologues of human Cu regulatory genes involved in the uptake, transport, sequestration and efflux of Cu. Drosophila orthologues of the mammalian Cu chaperones, ATOX1 (a human ...

Regulation of cellular copper (Cu) homeostasis involves Cu-transporting ATPases (Cu-ATPases), i.e., ATP7A and ATP7B. The question as to how these Cu-ATPases in brain barrier systems transport Cu, i.e., toward brain parenchyma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or blood, remained unanswered. This study was designed to characterize roles of Cu-ATPases in regulating Cu transport at the blood-brain barrie...