This paper explores the effect musical context, namely key and tempo, on audio onset detection using machine learning techniques, with a focus on the changes in performance caused by mismatched key and tempo between training and test pieces, and the potential benefits of incorporating such musical information. We extract frequency energy information from audio as the input instance attributes f...

This study addressed the question of whether the expressive microstructure of a music performance remains relationally invariant across moderate (musically acceptable) changes in tempo. Two pianists played Schumann's "Träumerei" three times at each of three tempi on a digital piano, and the performance data were recorded in MIDI format. In a perceptual test, musically trained listeners attempte...

In this paper we introduce the Smart Tempo-Spatial Hotspots Finder (Smart-TSH-Finder) for smart data crawling in the Second Life (SL) virtual world. Classical methods of crawling data from SL lead to irrelevant data content because of the dynamic nature of avatars and objects in SL. In order to build artificially intelligent expert avatar agents that are able to provide intelligent services for...

This paper presents an algorithm that extracts the tempo of a musical excerpt. The proposed system assumes a constant tempo and deals directly with the audio signal. A sliding window is applied to the signal and two feature classes are extracted. The first class is the log-energy of each band of a mel-scale triangular filterbank, a common feature vector used in various MIR applications. For the...

A performance of a piece of music heavily depends on the musician’s or conductor’s individual vision and personal interpretation of the given musical score. As basis for the analysis of artistic idiosyncrasies, one requires accurate annotations that reveal the exact timing and intensity of the various note events occurring in the performances. In the case of audio recordings, this annotation is...

A method is presented for the rhythmic parsing problem: Given a sequence of observed musical note onset times, we simultaneously estimate the corresponding notated rhythm and tempo process. A graphical model is developed that represents the evolution of tempo and rhythm and relates these hidden quantities to an observable performance. The rhythm variables are discrete and the tempo and observat...

comparable to or slightly slower than allegro. John Holden notes in his musical essay of 1770 (Part I, Chapter 5) that vivace is “near the same, but not quite so brisk a movement as Allegro,” and Daniel Gottlob Türk observes in his clavier treatise of 1789 (Chapter 1, Part 5) that “compositions which are marked Vivace are usually played too fast.” Primary sources also reveal performance practic...

The current study investigated the human ability to synchronize movements with event sequences containing continuous tempo changes. This capacity is evident, for example, in ensemble musicians who maintain precise interpersonal coordination while modulating the performance tempo for expressive purposes. Here we tested an ADaptation and Anticipation Model (ADAM) that was developed to account for...

Abstract In metal–air batteries, the integrated solid‐state cathode is considered a promising design because it can solve problem of high interfacial resistance conventional cathodes. However, solid discharge products cannot be efficiently decomposed in an cathode, resulting batteries that are unable to operate for long periods time. Herein, (Gel‐Tempo cathode) sodium–air (SABs) capable promoti...