The cytochrome P450 monooxygenases are an important metabolic system whose level of activity can be influenced by several dietary constituents. We examined the effects of six known P450 inducers on the levels of total cytochromes P450, cytochrome b(5), and six monooxygenase activities in adult German cockroaches. In addition, the levels of CYP6L1 and CYP9E2 mRNA were also investigated. Phenobar...

Cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes primarily catalyze mixed-function oxidation reactions, plus some reductions and rearrangements of oxygenated species, e.g. prostaglandins. Most of these reactions can be rationalized in a paradigm involving Compound I, a high-valent iron-oxygen complex (FeO), to explain seemingly unusual reactions including ring couplings, ring expansion and contraction, and fusio...

Ethanol-inducible cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) involved in the metabolism of gluconeogenetic precursors and some cytotoxins is distinguished from other cytochrome P450 enzymes by its rapid turnover (in vivo half-life of 4-7 h), with ligands to the haem iron, both substrates and inhibitors, stabilizing the protein. CYP2E1 is also known to have a high oxidase activity in the absence of substrate,...

Introduction: Rhabdomyolysis-induced myoglobinuric acute renal failure accounts for about 10-40% of all cases of acute renal failure (ARF). Iron and Cytochrome P450 are involved in the pathogenesis of myoglobinuric ARF. The Aim of this Study: To explore the effect of cimetidine as a potent cytochrome P450 inhibitor on myoglobinuric ARF in rat. Methods: Twenty four rats were divided into 3 group...

Clopidogrel is a thienopyridine platelet antagonist that irreversibly inhibits the binding of adenosine diphosphate to platelet receptors, ultimately leading to inhibition of platelet aggregation. Clopidogel is a prodrug requiring hepatic bioactivation via cytochrome P450 isozymes (CYP2C19, CYP3A4, CYP3A5) to its pharmacologically active form. Inhibition of cytochrome P450 may interfere with me...

Previously, we reported that Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las)-infected Diaphorina citri are characterized by lower levels of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases than uninfected counterparts. In the present study, we investigated expression levels of family 4 cytochrome P450 (CYP4) genes in Las-infected and uninfected D.citri adults. Five novel CYP4 genes (CYP4C67, CYP4DA1, CYP4C68, CYP4DB1 an...

Genes coding for cytochrome P450 are regulated by endogenous hormones such as the growth hormone, corticosteroids, thyroid, and sex hormones. Secretion of these hormones is regulated by the respective hypothalamus–pituitary–secretory organ axes. Since the brain sends its serotonergic projections from the raphe nuclei to the hypothalamus, we have assumed that damage to these nuclei may affect th...

Objective: Though the adverse effects of pesticides used in agriculture may not immediately be visible in the human population however its long term exposure may cause detrimental effects by biomagnifications and bioaccumulation. Nowadays bioinformatics serves as an in silico tool not only for homology alignment but also for prediction of quaternary structures of biochemicals. The present study...

Angiotensin II and the arachidonic acid metabolite derived via cytochrome P450 20-hydroxyeicostetraenoic acid promote vasoconstriction and vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. This study was conducted to determine if 20-hydroxyeicostetraenoic acid contributes to angiotensin II-induced neointimal formation in balloon-injured rat carotid artery. In anesthetized rats, the drugs were i...