Multiple models have been advanced for the evolution of cloverleaf tRNA. Here, the conserved archaeal tRNA core (75-nt) is posited to have evolved from ligation of three proto-tRNA minihelices (31-nt) and two-symmetrical 9-nt deletions within joined acceptor stems (93 - 18 = 75-nt). The primary evidence for this conclusion is that the 5-nt stem 7-nt anticodon loop and the 5-nt stem 7-nt T loop ...

background: familial adenomatous polyposis (fap) is a well-known entity for specialistrnand it has near 100% chance of malignant changes if does not managed surgically. in orderrnto reduce the disadvantages of laparatomy and diverting ileostomy we present ourrnresults of laparoscopic total proctocolectomy without diverting ileostomy.rnobjectives: the aim of this study was to present the results...

In a typical wireless local loop (WLL) system, a user can only access the wireless services at "xed locations. This paper proposes a private branch exchange (PBX) based mobility manager for WLL, which allows users to receive wireless service at any locations within the WLL service area. We show how the mobility manager can be implemented in a PBX environment where the base stations are connecte...

Mitochondrial displacement loop (mt D-loop) sequence analyses have greatly improved assessments of genetic diversity, structure, and population dynamics endangered species threatened by climate change habitat loss. Tracking haplotypes these using mitochondrial-based markers has opened new avenues for conservation genomics biodiversity research. Recent studies used mt D-loop sequences to assess ...

Dynamic load altering attacks (D-LAA) are introduced as a new class of cyber-physical attacks against smart grid demand response programs. The fundamental characteristics of D-LAAs are explained. Accordingly, D-LAAs are classified in terms of open-loop versus closed-loop attacks, single-point versus multi-point attacks, the type of feedback, and the type of attack controller. A specific closed-...

BACKGROUND Cynomolgus macaques are indigenous to Asia occupying a range of geographical areas. A non-indigenous population established on Mauritius approximately 500 years ago. Mauritian cynomolgus macaques are recognised as having low genetic diversity compared to Indonesian macaques, from which they originated. As cynomolgus macaques are widely used as a biomedical model, there have been many...

RAD51 is the central strand exchange recombinase in somatic homologous recombination, providing genomic stability and promoting resistance to DNA damage. An important tool for mechanistic studies of RAD51 is the D-loop or strand assimilation assay, which measures the ability of RAD51-coated single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) to search for, invade and exchange ssDNA strands with a homologous duplex DNA...