The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of parentage misidentification on estimation of genetic parameters for the Italian buffalo population for milk yield from 45,194 lactation records of 23,104 Italian buffalo cows. Animals were grouped into 10 data sets in which sires and dams were DNA identified, or reported from the pedigree, or unknown. A derivative-free restricted maximum...

The report illustrates the results of the activities carried out by the European Working Group. Four subjects were selected by the Group: "Regulatory Rules and/or Normal Practice" adopted in different Countries; "Analysis of Measurement Data", referring to recent relevant studies; "Numerical Modelling" to compute uplift pressures; "Clearing Of Drainage Systems". As far as regulatory rules are c...

Gravidas with obesity and diabetes ("diabesity") may transmit this syndrome to their children through genetic and nongenetic mechanisms. Here, we used the Lepr(db/+) diabese mouse to examine the magnitude of these transmission modes, focusing on adipose tissue (AT). We compared the following six groups: wild-type (+/+) offspring from +/+ or db/+ dams (different early life environment) and db/+ ...

To evaluate the effect of widely used parenteral vaccination of dams against neonatal colibacillosis, the virulence factors of the intestinal Escherichia coli flora, namely, O serogroup, enterotoxin(s) produced (heat labile, porcine heat stable, and murine heat stable) and adhesins (K88, K99, and 987P antigens) of 149 piglets from different herds in Sweden were investigated. Three categories we...

We recently reported insulin resistance in adult offspring of obese C57BL/6J mice. We have now evaluated whether parameters of skeletal muscle structure and function may play a role in insulin resistance in this model of developmental programming. Obesity was induced in female mice by feeding a highly palatable sugar and fat-rich diet for 6 wk prior to pregnancy, and during pregnancy and lactat...

In this paper, the authors give a brief introduction to the earthquake monitoring system newly developed for two dams of a reservoir in North China. The two embankment dams are 66, 56 meters high and 960, 1008 meters long respectively. One of the dams suffered from severe landslide because of the 1976 Tangshan Earthquake, the design PGA of this site is set to 0.25g. Because of the complexity, i...

The World Commission on Dams (WCD) report documented a number of social and environmental problems observed in dam development projects. The WCD gave particular emphasis to the challenges of properly resettling populations physically displaced by dams, and estimated the total number of people directly displaced at 40-80 million. Less attention has been given, however, to populations living down...

Changes in the maternal nutritional environment during fetal development can influence offspring's metabolic risk in later life. Animal models have demonstrated that offspring of diet-induced obese dams develop metabolic complications, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. In this study we investigated the mechanisms in young offspring that lead to the development of nonalcoholic fatty li...

A word should be said as to the theoretically important question whether the reciprocal crosses differ in their results. No consistent difference is observable. Eight of the 31 F, cows (indicated by an asterisk in table 1) had Guernsey dams while 23 had Holstein dams. In their first lactation period the cows with Guernsey dams gave less milk but more butter-fat, average 6953 pounds of milk, 287...

Dam-trapping efficiency can be estimated by using the hydraulic residence time. On the regional scale, the global impact of several dams can be assessed by taking into account the spatial organization of dams along the river network. Therefore, in this study, a method is proposed to estimate the global-trapping efficiency, TEw, for any watershed containing more than one dam. This method is appl...