Although models and modeling are central to engineering design, they have received much less attention than or in the philosophy of science. This paper draws on insights from philosophical literature science elucidate engineering. Many apparent differences a matter degree. Models design do not function solely as representational more general epistemic vehicles. Rather, facilitating decision mak...

The demand for explainable and transparent models increases with the continued success of reinforcement learning. In this article, we explore potential generating shallow decision trees (DTs) as simple surrogate opaque deep learning (DRL) agents. We investigate three algorithms training data axis-parallel oblique DTs help DRL agents (“oracles”) evaluate these methods on classic control problems...

A general complex model is considered for collective dynamical strategic decision-making with explicitly interconnected factors reflecting both psychic (internal state) and behavioral (external-action, result of activity) components agents’ activity under the given environmental control factors. This unifies generalizes approaches game theory, social psychology, theories multi-agent systems, in...