In response to the severe decline of European Eel Anguilla anguilla stock in recent decades, various data frameworks and research efforts toward improved management rely on availability site-specific biometric data. At same time, scientists are obligated minimize negative effects (stress, harm, sacrifice) their samplings individuals population without compromising quality. In-field methods for ...

The application of exhaust air heat pumps as an energy efficient heating technology to cover the and ventilation demand highly residential buildings is becoming popular. Available studies on tend mostly focus only comparing different technologies in buildings. Most existing ignore usual presence electrical heaters backup. Moreover, impact varying boundary conditions pump's performance often not...

Low enthalpy geothermal energy is a renewable resource that is still underexploited nowadays in relation to its potential for development in society worldwide. Most of its applications have already been investigated, such as heating and cooling of private and public buildings, road defrosting, cooling of industrial processes, food drying systems or desalination. Geothermal power development is ...

Forced convection on heat exchangers yields to higher heat exchange coefficient and so permits to limit the temperature difference between air and the evaporator. Higher energy performances of the refrigerating cycle is affordable compared to natural convection evaporators. In Europe, many refrigerators and freezers integrate natural convection heat exchangers. Making a review of the actual ene...

Series production of R134a compressors started in 1990. 200 compressors, from the very first series, were built into cabinets placed in an apartment house in Denmark. Cabinets with R12 compressors were placed in the same apartment house as well. The cabinets have two separate cooling systems; one for a cold cabinet and one for a freezer. 10 running cabinets were called back for analysis; 7 cabi...

Tin oxide (SnO2) is a transparent semiconductor with a wide band gap and electrical resistivity as low as 2 10 4 Ω 3 cm and high infrared reflectivity, over 90%. 4 These properties are achieved using n-type doping by substituting fluorine for about 1% of the oxygen. The low electrical resistance and optical transparency in SnO2 are widely used in applications such as solar cells, displays, touc...

In the present era, consumers wish to have a wide range of foods that are nutritious and flavorful and have long shelf life without added preservatives. Sourdough is an important modern fermentation of cereal flours and water based upon an earlier spontaneous process. The sourdough microflora is dominated by lactic acid bacteria and, along with yeast, they play a key role in the fermentation of...