This paper documents a positive relation between internationalization and bank risk. This is consistent with the empirical dominance of the market risk hypothesis – whereby internationalization increases banks’ risk due to market-specific factors – over the diversification hypothesis – whereby internationalization allows banks to reduce risk through increased diversification of their operations...

for a nite group g the commutativity degree denote by d(g) and dend: d(g) = jf(x; y)jx; y 2 g; xy = yxgj jgj2 : in [2] authors found commutativity degree for some groups,in this paper we nd commuta- tivity degree for a class of groups that have high nilpontencies.

Abstract Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) can benefit from internationalization. However, there is little evidence of the extent its dependence on both research development (R&D) intensity collaborative intensity. Drawing data 262 SMEs, this study illuminates why some SMEs more internationalization than others, thereby illustrating an advanced application partial least squares str...

Many software products exist that automatically evaluates the accessibility of a Web site according to the guidelines, including those promoted by the W3C. The internationalization of this software poses a series of challenges to support international web sites to evaluate, to incorporate international design and evaluation guidelines, and to produce evaluation reports that can be read by an in...

This paper examines internationalization processes in the context of the Internet economy and presents some exploratory insights. Firstly, the impact of Internet in internationalization of SMEs including: Internet provides marketing intelligence, global sales promotion and communications, and enhances the production efficiency. But Internet is a limited tool for SMEs that intend to penetrate fo...

The ability to internationalize has become a competitive necessity for many SMEs, enabling their survival and access to larger markets. From an IS research perspective, one important issue is the strategic role played by the firm’s IT capabilities in responding to greater environmental uncertainty and correspondingly greater information requirements, and in enabling the firm’s internationalizat...

Mobile devices, more so than desktop computers, are used throughout the world. By internationalizing and localizing its content, a mobile application can provide the best experience for the widest possible audience. This paper describes how to internationalize and localize Java technologybased wireless enterprise applications. Although the constraints of mobile devices make internationalization...

The main research subject of this dissertation is Open Source Software (OSS). It is an industry-driven case study aiming to understand OSS business in international context. As the purpose of this dissertation is to better understand OSS business in international context generally, it includes discussions concerning aspects of strategies, opportunities and challenges of OSS firms. These firms f...

Many XML-related activities (e.g. the creation of a new schema) already address issues with different languages, scripts, and cultures. Nevertheless, a need exists for additional mechanisms and guidelines for more effective internationalization (i18n) and localization (l10n) in XML-related contents and processes. The W3C Internationalization Tag Set Working Group (W3C ITS WG) addresses this nee...

Received: September 2001 Revised: June 2002 Accepted: August 2002 Online publication date: 13 March 2003 Abstract Recent patterns of rapid internationalization in sectors characterized by strong public interest and both government and domestic capital constraints seem, at first, inconsistent with the drivers of internationalization identified by Buckley and Casson (1976) for manufacturing indus...