Rural highway is the foundation of highway network construction and the important bridge for balancing urban and rural harmonious development. Rural highway has the basic, pilot and driving function to new rural construction. This paper took a sampling survey on 173 villages in Hebei Province. According to the 687 questionnaires, this paper set up an evaluation system of the rural highway const...

We describe results on combining depth information from a laser range-finder and color and texture image cues to segment ill-structured dirt, gravel, and asphalt roads as input to an autonomous road following system. A large number of registered laser and camera images were captured at frame-rate on a variety of rural roads, allowing laser features such as 3-D height and smoothness to be correl...

We present a nearly optimal (O(ν min(ν, n)n log n) time and O(n) space) algorithm that constructs a shortest path map with n isothetic roads of speed ν under the L1 metric. The algorithm uses the continuous Dijkstra method and its efficiency is based on a new geometric insight; the minimum in-degree of any nearest neighbor graph for points with roads of speed ν is Θ(ν min(ν, n)), which is first...

INCE Kerridge's incisive intervention into the field of agrarian history in his article of 1955 regarding the enclosure movement in the Tudor and early-Stuart period, anyone who ventures there must preface their remarks by acknowledgement of the force of Kerridge's argument. 1 As a result, little confidence may be retained in the basis of analysis of enclosure in that period the statistics whic...

Robot Navigation in unknown and very cluttered environments constitutes one of the key challenges in unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) applications. Navigational limit cycles can occur when navigating (UGVs) using behavior-based or other reactive algorithms. Limit cycles occur when the robot is navigating towards the goal but enters an enclosure that has its opening in a direction opposite to the g...

in this investigation, the effects of enclosure, restal delayed grazing andcontinued grazing treatments on the production rate and vegetation cover were studied.study area was sadrabad pasture. after selecting three bands (1+1+1=3 hectare area) asthree treatments in the restricted and non restricted area, they were transected to threetransects. then plots (1×2m2 ) were selected to measure the p...

forests as a renewable source has effective and useful role in economic and social activities of society. network of forest roads as infrastructure division’s forest planning units (compartments) of forest management plans, management, logging, exit of wood and plays a major role forest protection. aim of this study, designed forest road network according to multi-purpose forestry using the net...

The natural convection heat transfer of horizontal rectangle enclosures with different aspect ratios (A = 2:1 and A = 4:1) filled with Ag-Ga nanofluid (different nanoparticle volume fractions φ = 0.01, φ = 0.03, φ = 0.05 and radiuses r = 20 nm, r = 40 nm, r = 80 nm) at different Rayleigh numbers (Ra = 1 × 103 and Ra = 1 × 105) is investigated by a two-phase lattice Boltzmann model. It is found ...

This paper is devoted to the task of the maximum flow finding with nonzero lower flow bounds taking into account given vitality degree. Transportation network with the flow is considered in fuzzy conditions due to the fuzzy character of the network’s parameters. Arcs of the network are assigned by the fuzzy arc capacities and nonzero lower flow bounds, vitality parameters and crisp transit time...

Roads and their associated effects (road-kill, pollution, etc.) have a largely negative impact on animals, especially amphibians, but not all species are affected to the same degree. Variation in life histories may explain some of these differences. Here, we examine how abundance of anuran species in roadside habitats is correlated with an aspect of reproductive life history: number of eggs pro...