Introduction H istone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs), as  radiation sensitizing agents, are considered as a novel class of anti-cancer factors, which are studied in various tumor cell-lines. Valproic acid (VPA) is an HDI, which is effectively used in the treatment of epilepsy, migraines, and some particular types of depression. In this study, we evaluated the effects of VPA and ionizing radiatio...

The stability and Hopf bifurcation of gene expression models with a mechanism delayed state feedback are considered. An effective algorithm for the calculations on delay stable interval equilibrium point, direction, bifurcating periodic solution is also proposed. τ-decomposition strategy applied to tackle issue local stability, explicit formula provided. In addition, asymptotical behaviors solu...

Glucocorticoid regulatory elements, denoted GREs and delayed secondary GREs (sGREs), bind the purified glucocorticoid receptors via distinctive sequence motifs and confer a primary and delayed secondary hormone inducibility, respectively, upon a linked reporter construct in stably transfected mammalian cells. The delayed secondary responses, but not the primary responses, are preceded by a time...

Delayed release of neurotransmitter, also called asynchronous release, is commonly observed at synapses, yet its influence on transmission of spike information is unknown. We examined this issue at endbulb of Held synapses, which are formed by auditory nerve fibers onto bushy cells in the cochlear nucleus. Endbulbs from CBA/CaJ mice aged P6-P49 showed prominent delayed release when driven at ph...

PURPOSE To determine whether retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which reportedly express N-cadherin as their major cadherin cell adhesion protein, also express the more common epithelial cadherin, E-cadherin. METHODS Cadherins expressed by human RPE cells in situ were examined by western blot analysis of extracts prepared from the RPE of human adult eyes. Cadherins expressed in vitro wer...

The onset of leaf senescence is regulated by a complex mechanism involving positive and negative regulators. Among positive regulators, jasmonic acid (JA) accumulates in senescing leaves and the JA-insensitive coi1-1 mutant displays delayed leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. A strong activated expression of the gene coding for the JA-biosynthetic beta-oxidation enzyme 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase 2 (KA...

This study was designed to extensively characterize the skeletal muscle development in the low weight (LW) quail selected from random bred control (RBC) Japanese quail in order to provide a new avian model of impaired and delayed growth in physically normal animals. The LW line had smaller embryo and body weights than the RBC line in all age groups (P<0.05). During 3 to 42 d post-hatch, the LW ...

Proper control of the temporal onset of cellular differentiation is critical for regulating cell lineage decisions and morphogenesis during development. Pbx homeodomain transcription factors have emerged as important regulators of cellular differentiation. We previously showed, by using antisense morpholino knockdown, that Pbx factors are needed for the timely activation of myocardial different...

The onset of leaf senescence is regulated by a complex mechanism involving positive and negative regulators. Among positive regulators, jasmonic acid (JA) accumulates in senescing leaves and the JA-insensitive coi1-1 mutant displays delayed leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. A strong activated expression of the gene coding for the JA-biosynthetic b-oxidation enzyme 3-ketoacyl-CoA thiolase 2 (KAT2)...

This study tested the hypothesis that in vivo norepinephrine (NE) treatment induces bimodal cardiac functional protection against ischemia and examined the roles of α1-adrenoceptors, protein kinase C (PKC), and cardiac gene expression in cardiac protection. Rats were treated with NE (25 μg/kg iv). Cardiac functional resistance to ischemia-reperfusion (25/40 min) injury was examined 30 min and 1...