Aim/purpose – The demographic dividend, defined as the proportion of working age to rest population, is an opportunity seen mainly in developing countries, result- ing from transition. Efforts maximize gains it are crucial, especial- ly for Arabian Gulf states, where labor force demands met at danger native youth unemployment that leads issues human resources utilization. This research on Saudi...

OBJECTIVES We investigated how fluctuations and linear changes in health and cognitive resources influence the motivation to engage in complex cognitive activity and the extent to which motivation mediated the relationship between changing resources and cognitively demanding activities. METHOD Longitudinal data from 332 adults aged 20-85 years were examined. Motivation was assessed using a co...

The purpose of this factorial study was to establish normative data for the Italian version of the Communication Attitude Test (CAT) in order to determine whether or not the speech-associated attitude reported by Italian children who stutter (CWS) differs significantly from that of their nonstuttering peers (CWNS). Toward this end, the Italian CAT was administered to 149 CWS and 148 CWNS betwee...