Background: We have recently shown that human embryonic (hESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can differentiate into advanced spermatogenic cells including round spermatids by in vitro culture (Easley et al., Direct differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into haploid spermatogenic cells. Cell Reports 2, 440-446 2012) and also, in collaboration, that rhesus spermatogonial ...

objective adult stem cells which are derived from different tissues, with their unique abilities to self-renew and differentiate into various phenotypes have the potential for cell therapy and tissue engineering. human adipose tissue is an appropriate source of mesenchymal stem cells with wide differentiation potential for tissue engineering research. in this study isolated stem cells from huma...

this paper provides an analysis of persian verbs within the framework of optimality theory. to be more specific, it mainly cocentrates on past and present stems of persian verbs. since analyzing this subject within the derivational framework would result phonological rules which are not natural, it is analysed by optimality theory which is one of the constraint-based approach. based on this, we...

In tissue engineering, urine-derived stem cells are ideal seed cells and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are perfect antimicrobial agents. Due to a distinct lack of information on the effects of AgNPs on urine-derived stem cells, a study was conducted to evaluate the effects of silver ions and AgNPs upon the cytotoxicity and osteogenic differentiation of urine-derived stem cells. Initially, AgNPs ...

background: spermatogonial stem cells (sscs), a subset of undifferentiated type a spermatogonia, are the foundation of complex process of spermatogenesis and could be propagated in vitro culture conditions for long time for germ cell transplantation and fertility preservation. objective: the aim of this study was in vitro propagation of human spermatogonial stem cells (sscs) and improvement of ...

Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and Europe. In recent years, the understanding that regenerative processes exist at the level of the myocardium, has placed stem cell research at center stage in cardiology. A stem cell is a cell that has the ability to divide (self replicate) for indefinite periods often throughout the life of the ...

objective(s):osteoarthritis (oa) is globally one of the most common diseases from the middle age onwards. cartilage is an avascular tissue therefore it cannot be repaired in the body. conservative treatments have failed as a good remedy and cell therapy as a decisive cure is needed. one of the best and easily accessible cell sources for this purpose is adipose-derived stem cells which can be di...

objective: the neural crest is a transient structure of early vertebrate embryos that generates neural crest cells (nccs). these cells can migrate throughout the body and produce a diverse array of mature tissue types. due to the ethical and technical problems surrounding the isolation of these early human embryo cells, researchers have focused on in vitro studies to produce nccs and increase t...