Wheel-running and other non-photic stimuli influence the rest-activity pattern of diurnal and nocturnal mammals. A day to night inversion of phase preference of activity was described among Octodon degus, when exposed to ad-libitum wheel running. We have studied the rest-activity pattern response in presence of ad libitum wheel-running in wild-captured male individuals from two species of genus...

This paper discusses the development of an optimal wheel torque controller for a compliant modular robot. The wheel actuators are the only actively controllable elements in this robot. For this type of robots, wheel-slip could offer a lot of hindrance while traversing on uneven terrains. Therefore, an effective wheel-torque controller is desired that will also improve the wheel-odometry and min...

In this paper, a novel omnidirectional vehicle with anisotropic friction wheels is presented. The proposed wheel has a series of bendable “nodes” on its circumference, each of which is made of two materials with differing friction properties: one material exhibits high friction, and the other exhibits low friction. The high friction section of the node generates a high traction force, while the...

Direct Yaw moment Control systems (DYC) can maintain the vehicle in the driver’s desired path by distributing the asymmetric longitudinal forces and the generation of the Control Yaw Moment (CYM). In order to achieve the superior control performance, intelligent usage of lateral forces is also required. The lateral wheel forces have an indirect effect on the CYM and based upon their directio...

Conserving energy and reducing emissions has become a global consensus. However, most air conditioning systems are highly energy-consuming, affecting warming the ozone layer because they use chlorine fluorine refrigerating fluids. Evaporative cooling one of important environmentally friendly with low consumption. their performance is negatively affected by high humidity inlet air. One solutions...

Nectar analysis has been used to understand pollination systems, but nectar storage methods have rarely considered as potential sources of inaccuracy in the recovery data. Prompt sugar is not always possible and can affect results. We aimed develop an effective method store on filter paper. Nectars from two subspecies Eremophila maculata (Scrophulariaceae) Strelitzia reginae (Strelitziaceae) we...

In a laboratory population of unstriped Nile grass rats, Arvicanthis niloticus, individuals with two distinctly different patterns of wheel-running exist. One is diurnal and the other is relatively nocturnal. In the first experiment, the authors found that these patterns are strongly influenced by parentage and by sex. Specifically, offspring of two nocturnal parents were significantly more lik...

Nomenclature β,γ(∈ S) = The gimbal and wheel angles. (rad) Rβ(∈ SO(3)) = Transformation from gimbal frame G to the spacecraft body frame B. Is = Spacecraft inertia without the CMG gimbal and wheel inertia. (kg.m) Ig, Ir = Gimbal frame inertia, wheel inertia about own centre of mass represented in gimbal frame. (kg.m) (Igr)β = Combined inertia of gimbal frame and wheel in the spacecraft frame. R...

A robust wheel slip controller for electric vehicles is introduced. The proposed wheel slip controller exploits the dynamics of electric traction drives and conventional hydraulic brakes for achieving maximum energy efficiency and driving safety. Due to the control of single wheel traction motors in combination with a hydraulic braking system, it can be shown, that energy recuperation and vehic...