Certain types of cold-formed sections, notably those composed of high-strength steel, some decking sections and racking sections may undergo a mode of buckling called distortional in which edge and intermediate stiffeners are inadequate to prevent lateral movement of the flanges which they support. The existing design methods in current standards and specifications are often not adequate to acc...

Four functionals for the computation of minimum cost curves are compared. Minimization of these functionals result in the widely studied Minimum Energy Curve (MEC), the recently introduced Minimum Variation Curve (MVC), and their scale-invariant counterparts, (SI-MEC, SI-MVC). We compare the stability and fairness of these curves using a variety of simple interpolation problems. Previously, we ...

This Web Supplement contains two sections. Section A.1 discusses the proof of Propositions 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, and 3.3. Section A.2 presents hypothesis testing for the structure of the mean difference in two independent sets of curves irrespective of their sampling design, as well as in two dependent sets of curves densely sampled and the proof of Proposition 5.1, in the setting of sparsely sampled ...

Distinguishing the stability of characteristic curves for nonlinear resistive circuits is requirement and importance to design various electronic circuit exactly. Since every resistive element has a parasitic component, solutions on the characteristic curves are stable or unstable. In this paper, we show that the stability will be mainly changed at the bifurcation points such as limit point and...

In practice, laterally loaded piles are most often analysed using a ‘beam-on-non-linear-Winklerfoundation’ approach, whereby the soil–structure interaction is modelled by means of p–y curves. Although well-calibrated p–y curves exist for non-liquefied soils (e.g. soft clay and sand), the profession still lacks reliable p–y curves for liquefied soils. In fact, the latter should be consistent wit...

Metabolism and signalling are tightly coupled in bacteria. Combining several theoretical approaches, a core model is presented that describes transcriptional and allosteric control of glycolysis in Escherichia coli. Experimental data based on microarrays, signalling components and extracellular metabolites are used to estimate kinetic parameters. A newly designed strain was used that adjusts th...

Air traffic management (ATM) aims at providing companies with a safe and ideally optimal aircraft trajectory planning. Air traffic controllers act on flight paths in such a way that no pair of aircraft come closer than the regulatory separation norm. With the increase of traffic, it is expected that the system will reach its limits in a near future: a paradigm change in ATM is planned with the ...

A database for storing and searching spectral curves is presented. The database gives the user of a synthetic imaging system a means to select spectral reflectance, emittance, transmittance, and absorptance curves for use in the realistic image synthesis process. This provides an alternative to the usual RGB and HSV interfaces that are typically used for image color selection and specification....

Symbolic computation of NURBS plays an important role in many areas of NURBSbased geometric computation and design. However, any nontrivial symbolic computation, especially when rational B-splines are involved, would typically result in B-splines with high degrees. In this paper we develop degree reduction strategies for NURBS symbolic computation on curves. The specific topics we consider incl...

Using the method of separate variables, the three-dimensional magnet field solution expressed in Fourier’s expansion for permanent magnet (PM) machines with finite axial magnet length is presented in this paper. From the analytic results obtained, much useful and interesting design information for PM machines in three dimensions may be quantitatively deduced. Design curves of the leakage factor...