This paper shows how to efficiently diagnose systems by making use of observations. In particular, we present two theorems concerning the effect of observations on the complexity of Model-Based Diagnosis. The first theorem shows how the presence of certain observations allows us to decompose a diagnostic reasoning task into independent reasoning tasks on subsystems. The second theorem shows how...

Suppose one is given a description of a system, together with an observation of the system's behaviour which conflicts with the way the system is meant to behave. The diagnostic problem is to determine those components of the system which, when assumed to be functioning abnormally, will explain the discrepancy between the observed and correct system behaviour. We propose a general theory for th...

When finding a best explanation for observed symptoms a multitude of information has to be integrated and matched against explanations stored in memory. Although assumptions about ongoing memory processes can be derived from the process models, little process data exists that would allow to sufficiently test these assumptions. In order to explore memory processes in diagnostic reasoning, 29 par...

In this article an Intelligent Molecular Diagnostic System is described that can measure and analyze numerous chemical reactions with a minimum of reagent. Here the reasoning system is presented that performs the analysis. The main contribution within this reasoning system is the incorporation of all three reasoning forms in a consistent way. Additionally, a new view is presented on fuzzyficati...

A criticism of diagnostic systems, which are based on the formal foundations of probability and utility, is that their reasoning strategies and recommendations are inflexible and unnatural. We have developed a facility that increases the flexibility of normative reasoning systems by providing multiple human-oriented perspectives on diagnostic problem solving. The method endows a system with the...

When finding a best explanation for observed symptoms a multitude of information has to be integrated and matched against explanations stored in memory. Although assumptions about ongoing memory processes can be derived from the process models, little process data exists that would allow to sufficiently test these assumptions. In order to explore memory processes in diagnostic reasoning, 29 par...

A sketch of classification reasoning is given in the paper. The key ideas of the reasoning are ideas of classification and its good approximations based on good diagnostic tests. Such good tests, which are maximally redundant (GMRTs), i.e. their subsets of attributes are closed, are considered. Classification reasoning embraces two interrelated processes: inductive inferring implicative asserti...

In this contribution we present a Learner Model (LM) of Historical Text Comprehension (HTC), which infers the cognitive profile of learner’s global comprehension concerning the recognition or not of the three fundamental cognitive categories: action, state and event. Moreover the LM infers the profile descriptor, which displays the learner’s learning difficulties. The diagnostic module of the L...

This paper shows how to eeciently diagnose systems by making use of observations. In particular, we present two theorems concerning the eeect of observations on the complexity of Model{Based Diagnosis. The rst theorem shows how the presence of certain observations allows us to decompose a diagnostic reasoning task into independent reasoning tasks on subsystems. The second theorem shows how the ...

Research suggests that clinical examination of the lumbar spine and pelvis is unable to predict the results of diagnostic injections used as reference standards. The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of a clinical examination in identifying symptomatic and asymptomatic sacroiliac joints using double diagnostic injections as the reference standard. In a blinded concurre...