Previous studies have identified a range of transcription factors that modulate retrograde regulation of mitochondrial and chloroplast functions in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). However, the relative importance of these regulators and whether they act downstream of separate or overlapping signaling cascades is still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that multiple stress-related signaling path...

A series of chiral bisthiourea macrocycles 1-4 have been prepared and their binding properties with various dicarboxylate salts have been examined by using NMR titration and isothermal calorimetry experiments. Macrocycle 1, in particular, favours the 1:1 binding of N-protected L-glutamate and aspartate, but favours 1:2 binding of the corresponding D-amino acids in polar solvents (dimethyl sulfo...

The convenient and multigram synthesis of a linear benzo[b]dithiophene (BDT) structure is proposed (dimethyl 3,7-diamino-4,8-bis((2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl)thio)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b’]dithiophene-2,6-dicarboxylate). starting materials are commercially available 2,3,5,6-tetrachloroterephthalonitrile methyl 2-mercaptoacetate, which undergo aromatic substitution, followed by cyclization reaction in basic c...

A dimeric carboxylato complex of cobalt(II), [Co(2)(II)(1,2-chedc)(2)(Im)(2)] (1) (1,2-chedc = cyclohex-1-ene-1,2-dicarboxylate and Im = imidazole), has been isolated. This complex can be further linked by chloro- or carboxylato-ligands, affording respectively one-dimensional chain structures of (1)(∞)[Co(2)(II)(μ-Cl)(2)(1,2-chedc)(Im)(2)] (2) and (1)(∞)[Co(II)(1,2-chedc)(Im)] (3). Compound 1 s...

The influence of rigid or semirigid dicarboxylate anions, terephtalate (TerP(2-)), isophtalate (IsoP(2-)), and phenylenediacetate (PDA(2-)) on the self-condensation process of the [Mo(2)O(2)S(2)](2+) dioxothio cation has been investigated. Three new molybdenum rings, [Mo(12)O(12)S(12)(OH)(12)(TerP)](2-) ([Mo(12)TerP](2-)), [Mo(16)O(16)S(16)(OH)(16)(H(2)O)(4)(PDA)(2)](4-) ([Mo(16)(PDA)(2)](4-)),...

A cobalt cluster-based triple-stranded helicate, Co8(PDA)6(PTA)3(DMF)3(H2O)3 () (PDA = 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylate, PTA = benzene-1,3-dicarboxylate, DMF = dimethylformamide) was successfully synthesized and fully characterized. Complex can be used as a supramolecular building block in constructing a higher-order helix-of-helix structure, [Co8(PDA)6(PTA)3(DMF)2(H2O)4-0.51(Co(OHn)2)] (n = 1 or 2) ().

We report on the synthesis and characterization of novel shape-persistent, optically active arylamide macrocycles, which can be obtained using a one-pot methodology. Resolved, axially chiral binol scaffolds, which incorporate either methoxy or acetoxy functionalities in the 2,2' positions and carboxylic functionalities in the external 3,3' positions, were used as the source of chirality. Two of...

Through solvothermal reactions of 2-(p-methylphenyl)-1H-imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid (p-MePhH3IDC) with transition-metal ions, six coordination polymers [Pb2(p-MePhHIDC)(p-MePhH2IDC)2(phen)2]n (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) (), [Pb(p-MePhH2IDC)2]n (), [Cd3(p-MePhHIDC)2(p-MePhH2IDC)2(H2O)2]n (), {[Cd(p-MePhHIDC)(H2O)]4·H2O}n (), {[Cd2(p-MePhHIDC)2(4,4'-bipy)]·4H2O}n (4,4'-bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine...